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Athens

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Often appears with: the passions and the emotions · festivals, games, and spectacle · fate, destiny, and necessity · trade, markets, and merchants · themistocles · thebes · theatre and performance · the city and urban life · spring festival · sicily patronage · satan’s test · rhetoric and persuasion

Usually: argument (2) · narrative (2) · curiosity (2) · verse (1) · crisis of belief (1) · injustice endured (1) · the fall of the great (1) · detachment (1) · reverence (1) · skepticism (1)

Quotable
“Here,” says he, “they are not philosophers, to whom it is easy in their schools to establish the finest maxims and most sublime rules of morality, who decide that interest ought never to prevail above justice.” David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature · observation
“The image of the past pleasure being strong and violent, bestows these qualities on the idea of the future pleasure, which is connected with it by the relation of resemblance.” David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature · insight
“It is written, The first of all commandments, ‘Thou shalt worship The Lord thy God, and only Him shalt serve.” John Milton, Paradise Regained · precept

A Treatise of Human Nature primary

David Hume · 1739
BOOK I OF THE UNDERSTANDING > PART III OF THE WILL AND DIRECT PASSIONS (18/35)

Hume argues that imagination and belief drive the passions, explains how memory, life-suitability, eloquence, and sympathy amplify emotions, and then recounts Themistocles and Aristides’ proposal fire the Greek fleet that Athens rejected as unjust.

that nothing could be more advantageous than the design of Themistocles but at the same time that nothing could be more unjust: Upon which the people unanimously rejected the project. A late celebrated historian[1] admires this passage of antient history, as one of the most singular that is any where to be met. [1] Mons. Rollin {Charles Rollin, HISTOIRE ANCIENNE.(Paris 1730-38)}. "Here," says he, "they are not phi…

The Golden Asse primary

Apuleius · c. 160 CE (composition of the Metamorphoses/The Golden Ass)
(7/126)

The stranger who spoke next describes juggling at Athens, then tells how he was nearly choked by food and later met a starving man (Socrates) who had fallen into misfortune.

How Apuleius told to the strangers, what he saw a jugler do in Athens. The other night being at supper with a sort of hungry fellowes, while I did greedily put a great morsel of meate in my mouth, that was fried with the flower of cheese and barley, it cleaved so fast in the passage of my throat and stopped my winde in such sort that I was well nigh choked. And yet at Athens before the porch there called Peale, I sa…

The Extant Odes of Pindar primary

Pindar · ancient
(3/87)

Myers sketches Pindar’s life—born near Thebes around 522 BCE, traveling for praise, fined for praising Athens, writing for Sicilian princes, living independently, and dying around 443 BCE—then recounts legends about his honeyed speech.

high place among poets, and will pass on to suggest briefly his claims to interest us by reason of his place in the history of human action and human thought. We know very little of Pindar's life. He was born in or about the year B.C. 522, at the village of Kynoskephalai near Thebes. He was thus a citizen of Thebes and seems to have always had his home there. But he travelled among other states, many of which have b…

The Extant Odes of Pindar primary

Pindar · ancient
(87/87)

In a fragment for Athens, Pindar calls on Olympian gods and Dionysos Bromios to dance at Athens, praises spring and Nemean palm tokens, and celebrates Semele with choral song.

IN HONOUR OF DELOS. Hail! god-reared daughter of the sea, earth-shoot most dear to bright-haired Leto's children, wide earth's immoveable marvel, who of mortals art called Delos, but of the blessed gods in Olympus the dark earth's far-seen star[1]... ... For of old time it[2] drifted before the waves and stress of winds from every side; but when she[3] of Koios set foot thereon, as the swift pains of her travailing …

Paradise Regained secondary

John Milton · c. 1664–1671
(8/8)

Satan claims his worldly offering was only a test and that the Son seeks knowledge like a scholar, then urges him to learn from the Gentiles and points to Athens as a model.

130 For him I was not sent, nor yet to free That people, victor once, now vile and base, Deservedly made vassal—who, once just, Frugal, and mild, and temperate, conquered well, But govern ill the nations under yoke, Peeling their provinces, exhausted all By lust and rapine; first ambitious grown Of triumph, that insulting vanity; Then cruel, by their sports to blood inured Of fighting beasts, and men to beasts expose…