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Faction, party, and civil strife

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Often appears with: counsel and advisers to rulers · political legitimacy and consent · forms of government · conquest, plunder, and captives · diplomacy and embassies · justice as a virtue · crime and punishment · conspiracy and assassination · assemblies, councils, and senates · religious persecution and toleration · censorship and the press · elections and representation

Usually: narrative (647) · detachment (575) · argument (574) · indignation (432) · skepticism (269) · injustice endured (266) · censure (259) · betrayal (244) · the fall of the great (189) · exhortation (154)

Quotable
“For this reason a prince ought to have two fears, one from within, on account of his subjects, the other from without, on account of external powers.” Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince · observation
“In our way, at Kensington we understood how that my Lord Chesterfield had killed another gentleman about half an hour before, and was fled.” Samuel Pepys, Diary of Samuel Pepys — Volume 02: January 1659-1660 · vivid
“The present state of America is truly alarming to every man who is capable of reflexion. Without law, without government, without any other mode of power than what is founded on, and granted by courtesy.” Thomas Paine, Common Sense · observation
“In short, Independance is the only Bond that can tye and keep us together.” Thomas Paine, Common Sense · insight
“Wherefore, instead of gazing at each other with suspicious or doubtful curiosity; let each of us, hold out to his neighbour the hearty hand of friendship, and unite in drawing a line, which, like an act of oblivion shall bury in forgetfulness every former dissension.” Thomas Paine, Common Sense · precept
“Kings are not taken away by miracles, neither are changes in governments brought about by any other means than such as are common and human; and such as we are now using.” Thomas Paine, Common Sense · observation
“Hard-won, self-acquired, self-earned property! Do you mean the property of the petty artisan and of the small peasant, a form of property that preceded the bourgeois form?” Karl Marx; Friedrich Engels, Manifesto of the Communist Party · observation
“Society suddenly finds itself put back into a state of momentary barbarism; it appears as if a famine, a universal war of devastation had cut off the supply of every means of subsistence; industry and commerce seem to be destroyed; and why?” Karl Marx; Friedrich Engels, Manifesto of the Communist Party · observation
“It is a general principle of human nature, that a man will be interested in whatever he possesses, in proportion to the firmness or precariousness of the tenure by which he holds it;” Alexander Hamilton; John Jay; James Madison, The Federalist Papers · insight
“The propriety of the thing does not turn upon the supposition of superior wisdom or virtue in the Executive, but upon the supposition that the legislature will not be infallible;” Alexander Hamilton; John Jay; James Madison, The Federalist Papers · insight
“For in politics, as in religion, it is equally absurd to aim at making proselytes by fire and sword. Heresies in either can rarely be cured by persecution.” Alexander Hamilton; John Jay; James Madison, The Federalist Papers · precept
“History will teach us that the former has been found a much more certain road to the introduction of despotism than the latter, and that of those men who have overturned the liberties of republics, the greatest number have begun their career by paying an obsequious court to the people; commencing demagogues, and ending tyrants.” Alexander Hamilton; John Jay; James Madison, The Federalist Papers · insight

The Koran (Al-Qur'an) secondary

G. Margoliouth (George) · 610-632 CE (revelations compiled progressively; book published after the prophet’s death)
Book carefully concocted from various sources, and with much extraneous aid, and published as a divine oracle, then it would seem that the author is at once open to the charge of the grossest imposture, and even of impious blasphemy. The evidence rather shews, that in all he did and wrote, Muhammad was actuated by a sincere desire to deliver his countrymen from the grossness of its debasing idolatries-that he was urged on by an intense desire to proclaim that great truth of the Unity of the Godhead which had taken full possession of his own soul-that the end to be attained justified to his mind the means he adopted in the production of his Suras-that he worked himself up into a belief that he had received a divine call-and that he was carried on by the force of circumstances, and by gradually increasing successes, to believe himself the accredited messenger of Heaven. The earnestness of those convictions which at Mecca sustained him under persecution, and which perhaps led him, at any price as it were, and by any means, not even excluding deceit and falsehood, to endeavour to rescue his countrymen from idolatry,-naturally stiffened at Medina into tyranny and unscrupulous violence. At the same time, he was probably, more or less, throughout his whole career, the victim of a certain amount of self-deception. A cataleptic13 subject from his early youth, born-according to the traditions-of a highly nervous and excitable mother, he would be peculiarly liable to morbid and fantastic hallucinations, and alternations of excitement and depression, which would win for him, in the eyes of his ignorant countrymen, the credit of being inspired. It would be easy for him to persuade himself that he was "the seal of the Prophets," > Book is no other than a warning and a clear Koran, (59/104)

The author argues Muhammad was sincerely trying to end idol worship and teach God’s unity, while also becoming harsher in Medina and possibly suffering self-deception, then introduces Sura 14 “Abraham” with its themes of divine guidance and punishment.

Musailima and Sajâh (Hisam. 946; Attabâri (ed. Kosegarten) i. 134, 136, 152; Tab. Agâni, 339), which are mere imitations of the Koran, that he felt this to be the case. 6 "They laughed and jeered at him in their words." Midr. Tanchuma. "The passage Job xii. 5, refers to the righteous Noah who taught them and spake to them words severe as flames: but they scorned him, and said, 'Old man! for what purpose is this ark?…

The Koran (Al-Qur'an) secondary

G. Margoliouth (George) · 610-632 CE (revelations compiled progressively; book published after the prophet’s death)
Book carefully concocted from various sources, and with much extraneous aid, and published as a divine oracle, then it would seem that the author is at once open to the charge of the grossest imposture, and even of impious blasphemy. The evidence rather shews, that in all he did and wrote, Muhammad was actuated by a sincere desire to deliver his countrymen from the grossness of its debasing idolatries-that he was urged on by an intense desire to proclaim that great truth of the Unity of the Godhead which had taken full possession of his own soul-that the end to be attained justified to his mind the means he adopted in the production of his Suras-that he worked himself up into a belief that he had received a divine call-and that he was carried on by the force of circumstances, and by gradually increasing successes, to believe himself the accredited messenger of Heaven. The earnestness of those convictions which at Mecca sustained him under persecution, and which perhaps led him, at any price as it were, and by any means, not even excluding deceit and falsehood, to endeavour to rescue his countrymen from idolatry,-naturally stiffened at Medina into tyranny and unscrupulous violence. At the same time, he was probably, more or less, throughout his whole career, the victim of a certain amount of self-deception. A cataleptic13 subject from his early youth, born-according to the traditions-of a highly nervous and excitable mother, he would be peculiarly liable to morbid and fantastic hallucinations, and alternations of excitement and depression, which would win for him, in the eyes of his ignorant countrymen, the credit of being inspired. It would be easy for him to persuade himself that he was "the seal of the Prophets," > Book of our decrees, until the time when our messengers,7 as they receive their souls, shall say, "Where are they on whom ye called beside God?" They shall say: "Gone from us." And they shall witness against themselves that they were infidels. (55/66)

The narrator claims Muhammad sought to oppose idolatries but argues this produced persecution at Mecca and tyranny at Medina, possibly driven by self-deception and hallucinations, before quoting Qur’anic material addressing Jews and the command to hasten to Friday prayer.

SAY: O ye Jews, if ye profess that ye rather than other men are the friends of God, then wish for death if ye are men of truth. But never on account of their previous handywork will they wish for it, and God knoweth the wrong doers. SAY: Verily the death from which ye flee will surely meet you. Then shall ye be brought back to Him who knoweth alike the things done in secret and openly: and He will tell you of your …

The Koran (Al-Qur'an) secondary

G. Margoliouth (George) · 610-632 CE (revelations compiled progressively; book published after the prophet’s death)
Book carefully concocted from various sources, and with much extraneous aid, and published as a divine oracle, then it would seem that the author is at once open to the charge of the grossest imposture, and even of impious blasphemy. The evidence rather shews, that in all he did and wrote, Muhammad was actuated by a sincere desire to deliver his countrymen from the grossness of its debasing idolatries-that he was urged on by an intense desire to proclaim that great truth of the Unity of the Godhead which had taken full possession of his own soul-that the end to be attained justified to his mind the means he adopted in the production of his Suras-that he worked himself up into a belief that he had received a divine call-and that he was carried on by the force of circumstances, and by gradually increasing successes, to believe himself the accredited messenger of Heaven. The earnestness of those convictions which at Mecca sustained him under persecution, and which perhaps led him, at any price as it were, and by any means, not even excluding deceit and falsehood, to endeavour to rescue his countrymen from idolatry,-naturally stiffened at Medina into tyranny and unscrupulous violence. At the same time, he was probably, more or less, throughout his whole career, the victim of a certain amount of self-deception. A cataleptic13 subject from his early youth, born-according to the traditions-of a highly nervous and excitable mother, he would be peculiarly liable to morbid and fantastic hallucinations, and alternations of excitement and depression, which would win for him, in the eyes of his ignorant countrymen, the credit of being inspired. It would be easy for him to persuade himself that he was "the seal of the Prophets," > Book had believed, it had surely been better for them! Believers there are among them, but most of them are perverse. (1/73)

Quotations stress that betrayal and disobedience bring humiliation, distinguish between righteous and infidels, warn against alliances with outsiders, and recount battles such as Badr with angelic aid.

They will never inflict on you but a trifling damage; and if they do battle with you, they shall turn their backs to you: then they shall not be succoured. Shame shall be stamped upon them36 wherever found, unless they ally them with God and men! And the wrath of God will they incur, and poverty shall be stamped upon them! This-for that they believed not in the signs of God, and slew the prophets unjustly: This-beca…

The Koran (Al-Qur'an) secondary

G. Margoliouth (George) · 610-632 CE (revelations compiled progressively; book published after the prophet’s death)
Book carefully concocted from various sources, and with much extraneous aid, and published as a divine oracle, then it would seem that the author is at once open to the charge of the grossest imposture, and even of impious blasphemy. The evidence rather shews, that in all he did and wrote, Muhammad was actuated by a sincere desire to deliver his countrymen from the grossness of its debasing idolatries-that he was urged on by an intense desire to proclaim that great truth of the Unity of the Godhead which had taken full possession of his own soul-that the end to be attained justified to his mind the means he adopted in the production of his Suras-that he worked himself up into a belief that he had received a divine call-and that he was carried on by the force of circumstances, and by gradually increasing successes, to believe himself the accredited messenger of Heaven. The earnestness of those convictions which at Mecca sustained him under persecution, and which perhaps led him, at any price as it were, and by any means, not even excluding deceit and falsehood, to endeavour to rescue his countrymen from idolatry,-naturally stiffened at Medina into tyranny and unscrupulous violence. At the same time, he was probably, more or less, throughout his whole career, the victim of a certain amount of self-deception. A cataleptic13 subject from his early youth, born-according to the traditions-of a highly nervous and excitable mother, he would be peculiarly liable to morbid and fantastic hallucinations, and alternations of excitement and depression, which would win for him, in the eyes of his ignorant countrymen, the credit of being inspired. It would be easy for him to persuade himself that he was "the seal of the Prophets," > Book had believed, it had surely been better for them! Believers there are among them, but most of them are perverse. (29/73)

Sura XXXIII (The Confederates) instructs the Prophet and believers at Medina: maintain faith, follow revelation, manage adoption and marriage rules, and recount the siege crisis with internal hypocrites.

your brethren in the faith, and your comrades. And unless made with intent of heart, mistakes in this matter shall be no crime in you: for God is Lenient, Merciful. Nearer of kin to the faithful is the Prophet, than they are to their own selves. His wives are their mothers. According to the Book of God, they who are related by blood, are nearer the one to the other than other believers, and than those who have fled …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
(11/68)

Pepys reviews accounts, visits his father, and notes Fleet Street’s new City works at the Conduit while parliamentary factions in Westminster discuss Lambert’s expected moves and “free Parliament” talk.

looking over my accounts; then went with my wife to my father's, and in going observed the great posts which the City workmen set up at the Conduit in Fleet-street. 2nd. Walked a great while in Westminster Hall, where I heard that Lambert was coming up to London: that my Lord Fairfax was in the head of the Irish brigade, but it was not certain what he would declare for. The House was to-day upon finishing the act…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the (41/53)

Pepys continues with Parliament and court news, especially plans to raise an army, factions around Madam Palmer, the ordering of executions under the Act of Indemnity, and household business about his garden, Trinity House, and the fleet.

150 years old, which they count by rains: because every year it rains continually four months together. He also told us, that the Kings there have above 100 wives a-piece. 18th. Comes Mr. Moore to give me an account how Mr. Montagu [Edward Montagu.] was gone away of a sudden with the fleet, in such haste that he hath left behind some servants, and many things of consequence; and among others, my Lord's commission …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for Uniformity is lately printed, which, it is thought, will make mad work among the Presbyterian ministers. People of all sides are very much discontented; some thinking themselves used, contrary to promise, too hardly; and the other, that they are not rewarded so much as they expected by the King. (8/19)

From July 6–31, Pepys moves among court and navy business, follows tensions involving Lady Castlemaine and Lord Sandwich, and recounts storms, voyages, and the changing public mood toward the monarchy and Church reforms.

to discharge seven times; the best of all devices that ever I saw, and very serviceable, and not a bawble; for it is much approved of, and many thereof made. 6th. To supper with my Lady (Sandwich); who tells me, with much trouble, that my Lady Castlemaine is still as great with the King, and that the King comes as often to her as ever he did. Jack Cole, my old friend, found me out at the Wardrobe; and, among other …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for Uniformity is lately printed, which, it is thought, will make mad work among the Presbyterian ministers. People of all sides are very much discontented; some thinking themselves used, contrary to promise, too hardly; and the other, that they are not rewarded so much as they expected by the King. (9/19)

Pepys reports the aftermath of Sandwich’s safe landing in France and continues his work at Westminster and in London, while noting court disputes, Church controversies, and a growing fear of renewed unrest tied to Presbyterian refusal.

24th. I hear, to my great content, that my Lord Sandwich is safe landed in France. 26th. I had a letter from Mr. Creed, who hath escaped narrowly in the King's yacht, and got safe to the Downes after the late storm; and he says that there the King do tell him, that he is sure my Lord is landed in Callis safe. This afternoon I went to Westminster: and there hear that the King and Queene intend to come to White Hal…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act of Parliament commands, is the greatest piece of state now in discourse. But for ought I see they are gone out very peaceably, and the people not so much concerned therein as was expected. (8/38)

Pepys notes political talk in Parliament, then focuses on meetings around Whitehall and the Duke’s household: hunting plans, court scandals (Castlemaine pregnant; Chesterfield’s love affair), and a renewed search in the Tower cellar.

away, without the help of this man, before he died. But he is resolved to go to the party once more, and then to determine what we shall do further. 3rd. To White Hall, to the Duke's; but found him gone a-hunting. Thence to my Lord Sandwich, from whom I receive every day more and more signs of his confidence and esteem of me. Here I met with Pierce the chyrurgeon, who tells me that my Lady Castlemaine is with chil…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act of Parliament commands, is the greatest piece of state now in discourse. But for ought I see they are gone out very peaceably, and the people not so much concerned therein as was expected. (18/38)

Pepys recounts attending a court ball at Whitehall, watching the King, Queen, Duke of Monmouth, and favourites dance and switching from formal dances to country dances before going home.

the maydes of honour and the young Duke of Monmouth playing at cards. Some of them, and but a few, were very pretty; though all well dressed in velvet gowns. 31st. Mr. Povy and I to White Hall; he taking me thither on purpose to carry me into the ball this night before the King. He brought me first to the Duke's chamber, where I saw him and the Duchesse at supper; and thence into the room where the ball was to be,…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act of Parliament commands, is the greatest piece of state now in discourse. But for ought I see they are gone out very peaceably, and the people not so much concerned therein as was expected. (19/38)

Pepys concludes the year with domestic satisfaction, assesses Charles II’s reduced expenditures and public court morality, and records political-religious tensions, plots, and court rivalries.

here as long as I thought fit, to my infinite content, it being the greatest pleasure I could wish now to see at Court, I went home, leaving them dancing. Thus ends this year with great mirth to me and my wife. Our condition being thus:--we are at present spending a night or two at my Lord's lodgings at White Hall. Our home at the Navy- office, which is and hath a pretty while been in good condition, finished and …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act of Parliament commands, is the greatest piece of state now in discourse. But for ought I see they are gone out very peaceably, and the people not so much concerned therein as was expected. (22/38)

Pepys records discussions about the French king’s dispute with the Pope and likely war, personal talks with the Duke about Monmouth’s Portsmouth trip, and court rumours of favourites and precedence disputes.

which Mr. Montagu challenges, it was given to my Lord Chesterfield. So that I perceive he goes down the wind in honor as well as every thing else, every day. 26th. I met with Monsieur Raby, who is lately come from France. I had a great deal of very good discourse with him, concerning the difference between the French and the Pope, and the occasion, which he told me very particularly, and to my great content; and of…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act of Parliament commands, is the greatest piece of state now in discourse. But for ought I see they are gone out very peaceably, and the people not so much concerned therein as was expected. (38/38)

Pepys records court and parliamentary talk after the Act of Indemnity, worrying about envy at court and suspecting tensions between the King and the Duke of York amid debates over loyalty and appointments.

thing for a man of any condition at Court to carry himself even, and without contracting envy or envyers; and that much discretion and dissimulation is necessary to do it. MAY 4, 1663. To St. James's; where Mr. Coventry, Sir W. Pen and I staid for the Duke's coming in, but not coming, we walked to White Hall; and meeting the King, we followed him into the Parke, where Mr. Coventry and he talking of building a new y…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (2/495)

Pepys describes Court worries and finances, including fears of making the Duke a successor, discussions of Sandwich’s allowances, court favourites, factional danger, and violence among the nobility.

at it, and said he would be glad at any time to lose 50l. for the King to send for him to play, which I do not so well like. 15th. I walked in the Parke, discoursing with the keeper of the Pell Mell, who was sweeping of it; who told me of what the earth is mixed that do floor the Mall, and that over all there is cockle-shells powdered, and spread to keep it fast; which, however, in dry weather, turns to dust and de…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (12/495)

Pepys records public reaction to Portugal’s victory over Spain and later criticizes Parliament’s funding delays and court extravagance, especially the King’s attention to Castlemaine and Stewart.

ordinary charge of it, and that to be settled upon the Customes. The King gets greatly taken up with Madam Castlemaine and Mrs. Stewart, which Heaven put an end to! JULY 1, 1663. Being in the Parliament lobby, I there saw my Lord of Bristoll come to the Commons House to give his answer to their question, about some words he should tell the King that were spoke by Sir Richard Temple. A chair was set at the bar of t…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (16/495)

Pepys reports rumors that the King is colder toward Castlemaine, notes Bristoll’s planned impeachment of the Chancellor, and later records the King’s carriage visits and the Queen-mother’s court presence.

bring in their opinion, Whether these articles are treason, or no? and next, they would know, Whether they were brought in regularly or no, without leave of the Lords' House? 11th. By barge to St. Mary's Creeke; where Commissioner Pett, (doubtful of the growing greatnesse of Portsmouth by the finding of those creekes there,) do design a wett docke at no great charge, and yet no little one; he thinks towards 10,000l…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (34/495)

Pepys records court politics around Edward Montagu’s renewed respect for Lord Sandwich, describes conflicts over Mrs. Stewart’s appointment, and comments on the Duke of York’s improvement in business.

it when the Parliament comes to sit. My Lord tells me that he observes the Duke of York do follow and understand business very well, and is mightily improved thereby. 8th. To church, where I found that my coming in a perriwigg did not prove so strange as I was afraid it would, for I thought that all the church would presently have cast their eyes all upon me.

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (49/495)

Pepys describes late-night court gossip and fears of military changes, intrigues around figures like Lauderdale and Monmouth, disputes over Antrim’s estate, and a sense that politics will lead to ruin.

after us my Lady Aberguenny [Probably Mary, daughter of Thomas Clifford, Esq., of Dunton Walet, Essex, wife to George, ninth Lord Abergavenny.] and other ladies, we back again by coach. 22nd. This evening come Mr. Alsopp the King's brewer, with whom I spent an hour talking and bewailing the posture of things at present; the King led away by half-a-dozen men, that none of his serious servants and friends can come at…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (86/495)

The passage continues Pepys’s diary around February 21 to February 27, mentioning court gossip about Castlemaine’s return from France, Dutch news at the Exchange, and a Council Committee session where pressing men is discussed.

the selling of that towne. And very noble I believe it will be. Near that is my Lord Barkeley beginning another one side, and Sir J. Denham on the other. 21st. My Lady Sandwich tells me how my Lord Castlemaine is coming over from France, and is believed will soon be made friends with his Lady again. What mad freaks the Mayds of Honour at Court have: that Mrs. Jenings, one of the Dutchesse's maids, the other day …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (127/495)

Pepys dines with Captain Cocke and Colonel Wyndham, hears the King has justified Lord Sandwich, discusses fast-day and Albemarle’s appointments, and becomes angry at the Duchess’s remarks comparing cowardice and Sandwich’s ambassadorship.

he saw York's waggon go again this week to London, and full of passengers; and tells me that my aunt Bell hath been dead of the plague these seven weeks. December 3, 1665. To Captn. Cocke's, and there dined with him, and Colonell Wyndham, a worthy gentleman, whose wife was nurse to the present King, and one that while she lived governed him and every thing else, as Cocke says, as a minister of state; the old King p…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (136/495)

Pepys narrates time at Lord Sandwich’s house, visits to theater circles via Mrs. Knipp, and a trip from London to Windsor, filled with social gatherings, fears about pardons, and concerns about Dunkirk.

and others' parts of the play-house, which she do most excellently; and tells me the whole practices of the play-house and players, and is in every respect most excellent company. 25th. With our coach of four horses to Windsor, and so to Cranborne, about eleven o'clock, and found my Lord [Sandwich.] and the ladies at a sermon in the house; which being ended we to them, and all the company glad to see us, and mighty…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (139/495)

Pepys records renewed plague counts, court movements to Audley End, personal reconciliations with Sir William Coventry, visits to the Duke of Albemarle, and a reflection on enjoying pleasure while wealth-building rather than after.

take pleasure during the time that they are getting their estate, but reserve that till they have got one, and then it is too late for them to enjoy it. 12th. My Uncle Talbot Pepys died the last week. All the news now is, that Sir Jeremy Smith is at Cales [Cadiz.] with his fleet; and Mings in the Elve. The King is come this noon to town from Audly End, with the Duke of York and a fine train of gentlemen. 13th. …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (140/495)

Pepys attends and studies court theater machinery after plague-era closures, discusses risks to his office and prize administration, reports disputes involving Ashley and Coventry, and notes further portrait work and visiting social life at Whitehall.

shadows, and do almost break my neck looking over my shoulder to make the posture for him to work by. Home, having a great cold: so to bed, drinking butter-ale. 19th. After dinner we walked to the King's play-house, all in dirt, they being altering of the stage to make it wider. But God knows when they will begin to act again; but my business here was to see the inside of the stage and all the tiring-rooms and mac…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (146/495)

Pepys advises his planning for the Navy and politics, visits Lord Bellasses in illness at Whitehall, discusses Tangier and Turkish prizes, and warns himself of court enemies while tracking the Navy’s money troubles.

very good manner. But it is a most extraordinary thing to observe, and that which I would not but have had the observation of for a great deal of money. 23rd. Towards White Hall, calling in my way on my Lord Bellasses, [John Lord Bellassis, second son of Thomas Viscount Falconberg, an officer of distinction on the King's side, during the Civil War. He was afterwards Governor of Tangier, and Captain of the Band of …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (154/495)

Pepys reports the fleet and sailors condemn the Duke of Albemarle’s conduct after the Prince of Orange arrived, describing distrust among commanders, fear of Dutch pursuit, and political tensions around court mistresses.

our suffering, by the death of one or two captains more than I knew before. But he do give over the thoughts of the safety of the Swiftsure or Essex. 10th. I met with Pierce the surgeon, who is lately come from the fleet, and tells me that all the commanders, officers, and even the common seamen do condemn every part of the late conduct of the Duke of Albemarle; both in his fighting at all, running among them in hi…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (198/495)

Commissioner Middleton reports the fleet’s discipline and wickedness, pilot captains intimidating pilots, factions between Prince Rupert and Duke of Albemarle supporters, and how rumors about mutiny and court plans circulate.

to hear that he did expect great thanks, and lays the fault of the want; of it upon the fire, which deadened every thing, and the glory of his services. 25th. To Mrs. Pierce's, where she was making herself mighty fine to go to a great ball to-night at Court, being the Queene's birth-day; so the ladies for this one day wear laces, but are to put them off again to-morrow, To Mrs. Williams's, where we met Knipp. I wa…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (215/495)

Pepys records House of Commons hostility toward the Paper Bill, where courtiers overcome “the others” through division votes, and he later dines and comments on Exchange news about arriving fleets supporting England’s winter supplies.

courtiers did carry it against those men upon a division of the House, a great many, that it should be committed; and so it was: which they reckon good news. 15th. To the office, where my Lord Brouncker (newly come to town from his being at Chatham and Harwich to spy enormities): and at noon I with him and his lady, Williams, to Captain Cocke's; where a good dinner, and very merry. Good news to-day upon the Excha…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (219/495)

Pepys ends the year by reviewing his finances and then reports national disorder—mutinous seamen, failed expectations for fleets, poor trade, and Parliament and the court’s negligence—followed by January’s fresh worries about the French and Irish threats.

examining Accounts, wherein the House of Lords their proceedings in petitioning the King for doing it by Commission, are in great heat voted by the Commons, after the conference, unparliamentary. 4th. Comes our company to dinner; my Lord Brouncker, Sir W. Pen, his lady, and Peg, [Their daughter.] and her servant, Mr. Lowther [[Anthony Lowther, Esq., of Marske, Co. York, Ob. 1692.]. At night to sup, and then to car…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (232/495)

Pepys attends court as Captain Cocke discusses peace negotiations involving Amsterdam, Lord Arlington, and De Witt, while Pepys remarks on Sunday leisure at the Queen’s side.

each name, might be very, pretty. One wonder I observed to-day, that there was no musique in the morning to call up our new-married people; which is very mean methinks. 17th. Staid till the council was up, and attended the King and Duke of York round the Park, and was asked several questions by both; but I was in pain lest they should ask me what I could not answer; as the Duke of York did the value of the hull of …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (239/495)

Pepys attends theater, measures record-breaking cold, hears political talk at the Temple about Bellasses’s fall, and then notes rumors that a council proclamation will declare the Duke of Buckingham a traitor.

is certain that yesterday a proclamation was voted at the council touching the proclaiming of my Lord Duke of Buckingham a traytor, and that it will be out on Monday. 11th. Yesterday the King did publicly talk of the King of France's dealing with all the Princes of Christendome. As to the States of Holland he hath advised them, on good grounds, to refuse to treat with us at the Hague, because of having opportunity…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (242/495)

Pepys reunites with Richard Cumberland after seven years, hears political news about Coventry and Arlington’s offices, a marriage plan for the Duke of Richmond, and Caesar’s angling “experiment” with a minikin gut-string.

him (Sir G. Carteret) how those very people (meaning the Prince, and Duke of Albemarle) are punished in the same kind as they did seek to abuse my Lord Sandwich. 18th. Comes my old good friend Mr. Richard Cumberland [Richard Cumberland educated at St. Paul's School, and Magdalene College, Cambridge, made Bishop of Peterborough 1691. Ob. 1718, aged 86.] to see me, being newly come to town, whom I have not seen almo…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (252/495)

Pepys visits Whitehall, hears about the Duchess of Newcastle’s dramatic, romantic style and missing a scheduled court appearance, then records a heated dispute between Sir G. Carteret and Sir W. Coventry over money.

himself to some other place. This was strange to me. Our Commissioners are preparing to go to Bredah to the treaty, and do design to be going the next week. 11th. To White Hall, thinking there to have seen the Duchesse of Newcastle's coming this night to Court to make a visit to the Queene, the King having been with her yesterday to make her a visit since her coming to town. The whole story of this lady is a roman…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (297/495)

Pepys describes Parliament’s disgust at being ‘fooled’ by the peace, their belief the King is driven by lust and court rogues, and the growing expectation that the King will prorogue Parliament to avoid further sessions.

yet De Ruyter (or he that commanded this fleet) had notice of it, and told it to a fisherman of ours that he took and released on Thursday last, which was the day before our fleet came to him. But then, that that seems most to our disgrace, and which the Duke of York did take special and vehement notice of, is, that when the Dutch saw so many fire-ships provided for them, themselves lying, I think, about the Nore, th…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (297/495)

Pepys continues the Bellasses-Porter duel narrative and then comments on appointments around Lady Castlemaine—especially a drunken Glenham rumor—and observes political consequences, hypocrisy, and Castlemaine’s court intrigues.

Taylor since the last sitting of Parliament as would hang him, if there were nothing else, would the King do what were fit for him; but nothing of that is now likely to be. Cozen Roger and Creed to dinner with me, and very merry: but among other things they told me of the strange, bold sermon of Dr. Creeton [Probably Robert Creyghton of Trin. Col. Cambridge, A.M. 1662. Ling. Graec. Prof. Reg. 1672-3.] yesterday befo…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (297/495)

Pepys recounts Castlemaine’s relationship quarrels involving young Jermin and her threats, then moves to political finance and court talk about the Duke of York’s marriage life, the Lord Mayor’s dull dinner, Newgate prison trouble, and naval debts and ship losses.

Bellasses so much that it is feared he will die: and finding himself severely wounded, he called to Tom Porter, and kissed him and bade him shift for himself; "for," says he, "Tom, thou hast hurt me; but I will make shift to stand upon my legs till thou mayest withdraw, and the world not take notice of you, for I would not have thee troubled for what thou hast done." And so whether he did fly or no I cannot tell; bu…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (308/495)

Pepys discusses the Chancellor’s fall with the Duke of York’s position, rumors linking the Chancellor to Lady Castlemaine’s faction, and court worries about Brouncker’s favor and anti–Duke of York influence.

and the Duke of York was then of the same mind with him, and did speak of it to the King, though since, for reasons best known to himself, he afterwards altered. I did then desire to know, what was the great matter that grounded his desire of the Chancellor's removal? He told me many things not fit to be spoken, and yet not any thing of his being unfaithful to the King, but, INSTAR OMNIUM, he told me that while he wa…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (308/495)

Pepys records explanations of why the Chancellor was removed, hopes and fears about wider political plots, visits to Whitehall, a dinner with Sir G. Carteret, and talk about changing court fashions and royal linens.

but when, besides this business of his ill words concerning his Majesty in the business of the Chancellor, he told him that he hath had a long time a mind to put him away for his ill offices, done between him and his wife, the King held his peace, and said no more, but wished him to do what he pleased with him; which was very noble. I met with Fenn; and he tells me, as I do hear from some others, that the business of…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (309/495)

Pepys records the court’s talk that Lady Castlemaine is seeking a pension and leaving court, while a Council act targets Papists in office, alongside other news and explanations of political and domestic favors.

in such a case; thinking myself now in the best place that ever man was in to please his own mind in, and therefore I will take to preserve it. 3rd. Attended the Duke of York about the list of ships that we propose to sell: and here there attended Mr. Wren the first time, who hath not yet, I think, received the Duke of York's seal and papers. At our coming hither we found the Duke and Duchesse all alone at dinner…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (311/495)

He hears of French ships destroyed in the Caribbean, attends a bear-baiting spectacle with seamen, meets at St James’s with officials, and records court rivalries around the Chancellor, the Duke of York, and hopes of Parliament’s fate.

immediately fuit indictment drawn, per Noy, [The Attorney-General.] eavers le prisoner, et son dexter manus ampute, and fix at gibbet, sur que luy meme immediatement hange in presence de Court."] 9th. To White Hall; and here do hear, by Tom Killigrew and Mr. Progers, that for certain news is come of Harman's having spoiled nineteen of twenty-two French ships, somewhere about the Barbadoes, I think they said; but wh…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (312/495)

Pepys hears news of French ships attacked near the Barbados, watches a prizefight at the Bear Garden, then meets at St. James’s and discusses how the Chancellor’s fall has deepened royal distrust of the Duke of York.

in case an accommodation shall be made between Spain and him for Flanders, for then he will have nothing more easy to do with his army than to subdue us. 11th. Come to dine with me Sir W. Batten and his lady, and Mr. Griffith their Ward, and Sir W. Pen and his lady, and Mrs. Lowther, (who is grown either through pride or want of manners a fool, having not a word to say; and, as a further mark of a beggarly proud fo…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (313/495)

Pepys dines with officials, attends the theater, and reports political fears that the King may declare the Duke of Monmouth legitimate, with worries that the Duke of York will be unable to act.

for the use of my Lady Castlemaine's children; and that this did incense her, and she did speak very scornful words and sent a scornful message to him about it. 14th. The King and Duke of York and the whole Court is mighty joyful at the Duchesse of York's being brought to bed this day, or yesterday, of a son; which will settle men's minds mightily. And Pierce tells me that he do think that what the King do, of givi…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (334/495)

Pepys reflects on political faction and uncertainty: the king turns against those not attacking the Chancellor, fears of impeaching even the Duke of York, and he hears about court music where the King and Queen attend.

but I did desire him to speak all he knew, and not to spare me, nor did promise nor give him any thing, but sent him away with good words. 16th. Met Mr. Gregory, my old acquaintance, an understanding gentleman; and he and I walked an hour together, talking of the bad prospect of the times. And the sum of what I learn from him is this: That the King is the most concerned in the world against the Chancellor and all …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (344/495)

Pepys talks about staging Shakespeare’s or heroic tragedy “Catiline” at the King’s house, notes payments for theatrical robes, and hears expectations that the Parliament will purge royal officers even if Pepys may escape.

for it; and I do think it may do me good, for he do happen to be held a considerable person, of a young man, both for sobriety and ability. 9th. Comes Sir G. Carteret to talk with me, who seems to think himself safe as to his particular, but do doubt what will become of the whole kingdom, things being so broke in pieces. He tells me that the King himself did the other day very particularly tell the whole story of …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (350/495)

Pepys discusses the nation’s near ruin, possible political purges among Privy-councilors, fears of Monmouth and the Queen, and financial worries marked by the torn rent of a camlet cloak.

the world. I am sure he is an ugly fellow; but a good scholar and sober gentleman; and heir to his father, now Lord North, the old Lord being dead. 31st. Thus ends the year, with great happiness to myself and family as to health and good condition in the world, blessed be God for it! only with great trouble to my mind in reference to the publick, there being little hopes left but that the whole nation must in a ve…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (351/495)

At year’s end Pepys blesses his family’s health but worries the kingdom may be lost soon due to parliamentary dissatisfaction, faction, and foreign invasion, praying for Parliament’s examination of the Navy.

to examine our Navy matters, which they will now shortly do. I pray God they may do the kingdom service therein, as they will have sufficient opportunity of doing it! JANUARY 1, 1667-8. Dined with my Lord Crewe, with whom was Mr. Browne, Clerk of the House of Lords, and Mr. John Crewe. Here was mighty good discourse, as there is always: and among other things my Lord Crewe did turn to a place in the Life of Sir P…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (364/495)

Pepys describes a debate about Buckingham’s pardon, reports the King and the Duke of York’s presence at a crowded playhouse, critiques the play’s quality, and describes actor blame and public reactions.

world; as one whom, he says, he hath infallible assurances that he will remaine his friend: which is very high, but indeed they say the gentleman is a fine man. 6th. Sir H. Cholmly tells me how the Parliament (which is to meet again to-day) are likely to fall heavy on the business of the Duke of Buckingham's pardon; and I shall be glad of it: and that the King hath put out of the Court the two Hides, my Lord Chanc…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (369/495)

Pepys continues the gambling news about Lady Castlemaine and then records discussion of Church reform and Commons high-tempered clashes over dividing the fleet and blame for bad intelligence and counsellors.

is so great a gamester as to have won 15,000l. in one night, and lost 25,000l. in another night at play, and hath played 1000l. and 1500l. at a cast. 16th. Mr. Hollier [He was a Surgeon.] dined with my wife and me. Much discourse about the bad state of the Church, and how the Clergy are come to be men of no worth in the world; and, as the world do now generally discourse, they must be reformed: and I believe the…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (395/495)

Pepys records tense parliamentary conflict over the East India Company, involving the Lords and Commons at Westminster, and notes theatre visits, including performances of The Impertinents and gossip about Sir Robert Howard.

for some wrong done him heretofore; and the former appealing to the Commons, the Lords vote their petition a libell; and so there is like to follow very hot work. 3rd. To church, where I saw Sir A. Rickard, though he be under the Black Rod, by order of the Lords' House, upon the quarrel between the East India Company and Skinner; which is like to come to a very great heat between the two Houses. To Old-street, to …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (396/495)

Continuing from Pepys’s account, the Lords debate late into the night over the East India Company, and Pepys notes court factional disputes between Lady Castlemaine and Mrs. Stewart while attending officials.

incomparable dancer of the King's house. Then we abroad to Marrowbone, and there walked in the garden, the first time I ever was there; and a pretty place it is. 8th. The Lords' House did sit till eleven o'clock last night about the business of difference between them and the Commons in the matter of the East India Company. To my Lord Crewe's, and there dined; where Mr. Case the minister, a dull fellow in his talk…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (435/495)

Pepys hears from Mr. Povy that Buckingham and Arlington are manipulating the King, weakening the Duke of York and Chancellor, and expects further political changes and conflicts.

I think I am the least troubled at it, for I care not at all for it: but my Lord Brouncker and Pen do seem to think much of it. 30th. Up betimes; and Mr. Povy comes to even accounts with me; which we did, and then fell to other talk. He tells me, in short, how the King is made a child of by Buckingham and Arlington, to the lessening of the Duke of York, whom they cannot suffer to be great, for fear of my Lord Chan…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (441/495)

Pepys records repeated administrative dealings with the Board and Wren, rumours about removing Pen and other shifts in the Navy, and domestic matters including his wife’s religious fears and spending.

be General of their Army, or to make himself King; which, he believes, he may be led to by some advice he hath had with conjurors, which he do affect. 25th. Mr. Wren and I to his chamber, and there talked: and he seems to hope that these people, the Duke of Buckingham and Arlington, will run themselves off of their legs; they being forced to be always putting the King upon one idle thing or other, against the easi…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (446/495)

Pepys continues the aftermath of the Hewer-Middleton conflict, plans to make Middleton look foolish, consults the Duke of York and Brouncker, and hears about Parliament proroguing and new houses collapsing.

my being troubled; but such is the weakness of my nature that I could not help it, which vexes me, showing me how unable I am to live with difficulties. 10th. Up, and to the office, where busy all the morning: Middleton not there, so no words or looks of him. At noon home to dinner; and so to the office, and there all the afternoon busy. And at night W. Hewer home with me; and we think we have got matter enough t…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (451/495)

Pepys goes to the King’s playhouse for “The Joviall Crew,” hears rumors and intrigues involving Mrs. Churchill, discusses Court factions around Lady Harvey and Doll Common, and meets the King and Duke of York on thanks for his Tangier role.

the fruits of this intrigue. She married subsequently Colonel Godfrey, Comptroller of the Household, and died 1730, aged 82.] with some physic; meaning, I suppose, that she is with child. 15th. To Sir W. Coventry; where with him a good while in his chamber, talking of the great factions at Court at this day, even to the sober engaging of great persons, and differences, and making the King cheap and ridiculous. It …

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (460/495)

Pepys describes court scandal and diplomacy: the King dining at the Dutch ambassador’s, Rochester offending Tom Killigrew, and courtly discussion of Privy Seale going to Ireland, plus talk of a future parliamentary seat.

that the King would run himself out beyond all his credit and funds, and then we should too late find it impossible; which is, he says, now come to pass. 15th. To the plaisterer's, and there saw the figure of my face taken from the mould; and it is most admirably like, and I will have another made before I take it away. At the 'Change I did at my bookseller's shop accidentally fall into talk with Sir Samuel Tuke […

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (463/495)

From March 4 Pepys recounts the escalation of Coventry’s challenge with Buckingham, Coventry’s confinement in the Tower, and Pepys’ subsequent journeys by water and dinner with the Duke of York’s household at Deptford and nearby.

all is over, only I hear that the students do resolve to try the Charter of the City. So we home, and betimes to bed, and slept well all night. 4th. To White Hall, where in the first Court I did meet Sir Jeremy Smith, who did tell me that Sir W. Coventry was just now sent to the Tower, about the business of the challenging the Duke of Buckingham, and so was also Harry Saville to the Gate-house; which, as he is a ge…

The Diary of Samuel Pepys primary

Samuel Pepys · 1659-01-01 to 1669 (diary entries)
Act of Indemnity; and in the House of Commons, between the > Act for the rendering none capable of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been loyall and constant to the King and (464/495)

On March 5-6 Pepys visits Coventry at the Tower, discusses his removal from the Council, resentment over plans to mock him in a play, and worries that court factions may overpower the Duke of York.

Duchesse herself and my Lady Castlemaine, were very witty. This done, they took barge, and I with Sir J. Smith to Captain Cox's; and there to talk, and left them. 5th. After dinner I to the Tower, where I find Sir W. Coventry with abundance of company with him; and after sitting awhile and hearing some merry discourse, and, among others, of Mr. Brouncker's being this day summoned to Sir William Morton [Made a Justi…

Diary of Samuel Pepys — Volume 02: January 1659-1660 primary

Samuel Pepys · c. 1659-1660 (Jan 1659/60 OS)
(2/2)

Pepys reports January 1–9 political and social developments: the Rump returns, Lambert and other officers are positioned, Monk is in Scotland, City leaders seek a free Parliament, and Pepys’s own uncertain office finances are noted.

The condition of the State was thus; viz. the Rump, after being disturbed by my Lord Lambert, [John Lambert, major-general in the Parliamentary army. The title Lord was not his by right, but it was frequently given to the republican officers. He was born in 1619, at Calton Hall, in the parish of Kirkby-in-Malham-Dale, in the West Riding of Yorkshire. In 1642 he was appointed captain of horse un…

Diary of Samuel Pepys — Volume 02: January 1659-1660 primary

Samuel Pepys · c. 1659-1660 (Jan 1659/60 OS)
book i.] (3/24)

On January 2nd–3rd Pepys hears that many places declare for a free Parliament and that the old “secluded” members may be called back; he spends the day drinking, plays cards at home, and visits Will’s in the evening.

the massacre of St. Bartholomew, 1572; and in our day, by Mr. Pitt, in his memorable speech in the House of Commons, January, 1793, after the murder of Louis XVI.--B.] was in the head of the Irish brigade, but it was not certain what he would declare for. The House was to-day upon finishing the act for the Council of State, which they did; and for the indemnity to the soldiers; and were to sit again thereupon in th…

Diary of Samuel Pepys — Volume 02: January 1659-1660 primary

Samuel Pepys · c. 1659-1660 (Jan 1659/60 OS)
book i.] (11/24)

From the 13th to 15th Pepys hears city and parliamentary news about charges against the City charter and Monk’s ‘cunning’ letter, argues about property as the foundation of government, dines with officials, corrects his brother’s Greek, and reads about bells in the Church of Rome.

propriety [i.e., property] was the foundation of government. Home, and wrote to Hinchinbroke, and sent that and my other letter that missed of going on Thursday last. So to bed. 15th. Having been exceedingly disturbed in the night with the barking of a dog of one of our neighbours that I could not sleep for an hour or two, I slept late, and then in the morning took physic, and so staid within all day. At noon my b…

Diary of Samuel Pepys — Volume 02: January 1659-1660 primary

Samuel Pepys · c. 1659-1660 (Jan 1659/60 OS)
book i.] (12/24)

On the 16th and 17th Pepys worries about office matters and travel to Twickenham, sings and drinks with friends near Charing Cross, hears a dueling killing at Kensington, then travels toward Twickenham and Brentford market day.

this very line, and cried, "Past one of the clock, and a cold, frosty, windy morning." I then went to bed, and left my wife and the maid a-washing still. 17th. Early I went to Mr. Crew's, and having given Mr. Edward money to give the servants, I took him into the coach that waited for us and carried him to my house, where the coach waited for me while I and the child went to Westminster Hall, and bought him some pi…