HKB
60 passages · search this phrase →
Often appears with: justice as a virtue · conquest, plunder, and captives · fate, destiny, and necessity · military discipline and training · battle and tactics · the passions and the emotions · education and the training of the young · religious persecution and toleration · temperance and self-mastery · strategy and the aims of war · the fear of death · crime and punishment
Usually: narrative (354) · argument (339) · detachment (308) · exhortation (241) · the test or trial (226) · wonder (166) · confronting death (149) · indignation (127) · curiosity (120) · censure (117)
“In our way, at Kensington we understood how that my Lord Chesterfield had killed another gentleman about half an hour before, and was fled.” Samuel Pepys, Diary of Samuel Pepys — Volume 02: January 1659-1660 · vivid
“Hence it is that all armed prophets have conquered, and the unarmed ones have been destroyed.” Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince · precept
“This battle with Mr. Covey was the turning-point in my career as a slave.” Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an Amer · insight
“It was a glorious resurrection, from the tomb of slavery, to the heaven of freedom.” Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an Amer · vivid
“From this time I was never again what might be called fairly whipped, though I remained a slave four years afterwards.” Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an Amer · observation
“I have found that, to make a contented slave, it is necessary to make a thoughtless one. It is necessary to darken his moral and mental vision, and, as far as possible, to annihilate the power of reason.” Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an Amer · insight
“the right of the grim-visaged pirate upon the high seas is exactly the same.” Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an Amer · observation
“Unjustly thou depravest it with the name Of servitude, to serve whom God ordains, Or Nature: God and Nature bid the same, When he who rules is worthiest, and excels Them whom he governs.” John Milton, Paradise Lost · precept
“There is, said Michael, if thou well observe The rule of Not too much; by temperance taught, In what thou eatest and drinkest; seeking from thence Due nourishment, not gluttonous delight,” John Milton, Paradise Lost · precept
“His love of conversation, his affection, his indifference to riches, even his garrulity, are interesting traits of character.” Plato, The Republic · observation
“You can shoot me but you can’t whip me,” said a slave to Rigby Hopkins; and the result was that he was neither whipped nor shot.” Frederick Douglass, My Bondage and My Freedom · wit
“My kind readers shall have, in the next chapter—what they were led, perhaps, to expect to find in this—namely: an account of my partial disenthrallment from the tyranny of Covey, and the marked change which it brought about.” Frederick Douglass, My Bondage and My Freedom · observation
Margoliouth weighs Muhammad’s sincerity, suggesting Muhammad was neither simple impostor nor merely rational author, but driven by faith, self-deception, persecution at Mecca, and escalating violence at Medina.
the proclaimer of a doctrine of the Divine Unity, held and taught by the Patriarchs, especially by Abraham-a doctrine that should present to mankind Judaism divested of its Mosaic ceremonial, and Christianity divested of the Atonement and the Trinity14-doctrine, as he might have believed, fitted and destined to absorb Judaism, Christianity, and Idolatry; and this persuasion, once admitted into his mind as a convictio…
Sura LXXIII “The Enfolded” instructs Muhammad to stand at night for prayer, recite the Qur’an with measured tone, remember God by day, and endure criticism patiently, linking devotion with warnings and mercy.
_______________________ 1 This Sura is placed by Muir in the “second stage” of Meccan Suras, and twenty-first in chronological order, in the third or fourth year of the Prophet’s career. According, however, to the chronological list of Suras given by Weil (Leben M. p. 364) from ancient tradition, as well as from the consentient voice of tradionists and commentaries (v. Nöld. Geschichte, p. 69; Sprenger’s Life of Mo…
The passage continues Luqman’s counsel, emphasizing God’s knowledge of hidden things, the duty of prayer and enjoining right and forbidding wrong, modest conduct, and trust in God over inherited religions; notes discuss the surah’s composition and references.
parents. His mother carrieth him with weakness upon weakness; nor until after two years is he weaned.7 Be grateful to me, and to thy parents. Unto me shall all come. But if they importune thee to join that with Me of which thou hast no knowledge, obey them not: comport thyself towards them in this world as is meet and right; but follow the way of him who turneth unto me. Unto me shall ye return at last, and then wil…
Sura V-"The Table" lays out rules for hunting after rites end, prohibitions on carrion and swine, dietary allowances, halal marriages, and ritual purification for prayer (washing and sand-ablution).
the sacred month Muharram, nor the offering, nor its ornaments1, nor those who press on to the sacred house seeking favour from their Lord and his good pleasure in them. But when all is over2, then take to the chase: and let not ill will at those3 who would have kept you from the sacred mosque lead you to transgress4, but rather be helpful to one another according to goodness and piety, but be not helpful for evil a…
Pepys reads Cicero, offers Carteret help with old papers, and then watches Sir Henry Vane’s execution at Tower Hill, including Vane’s speech themes, interruptions, prayer, and his confident final statements about Christ.
family would be, if he should die before he hath cleared his accounts. Upon the whole, I do find that he do much esteem of me, and is my friend. 14th. About 11 o'clock, having a room got ready for us, we all went out to the Tower-hill; and there, over against the scaffold, made on purpose this day, saw Sis Henry Vane brought. A very great press of people. He made a long speech, many times interrupted by the Sheri…
Pepys attends parliamentary hearings about Lord Mordaunt, notes Prince Rupert’s trepanning and hopes for his success, reads Dryden’s poem on the war, and hears medical details of the operation.
am very well pleased this night with reading a poem I brought home with me last night from Westminster Hall, of Dryden's, upon the present war; a very good poem. 3rd. To White Hall, and there to Sir W. Coventry's chamber, and there staid till he was ready. Talking, and among other things of the Prince's being trepanned, which was in doing just as we passed through the Stone Gallery, we asking at the door of his lo…
Pepys attends the first performance of "The Black Prince" at the King’s house, then reports Parliamentary questioning about naval accountability, including claims that the Duke of York’s sail-shortening cost a great victory.
Coventry answered, and the Duke of York merrily agreed to it, that it was very hard to know what it was that the Parliament would call conformity at this time. 19th. Full of my desire of seeing my Lord Orrery's new play this afternoon at the King's house, "The Black Prince," the first time it is acted; where, though we came by two o'clock, yet there was no room in the pit, but were forced to go into one of the uppe…
On the 16th and 17th Pepys worries about office matters and travel to Twickenham, sings and drinks with friends near Charing Cross, hears a dueling killing at Kensington, then travels toward Twickenham and Brentford market day.
this very line, and cried, "Past one of the clock, and a cold, frosty, windy morning." I then went to bed, and left my wife and the maid a-washing still. 17th. Early I went to Mr. Crew's, and having given Mr. Edward money to give the servants, I took him into the coach that waited for us and carried him to my house, where the coach waited for me while I and the child went to Westminster Hall, and bought him some pi…
Peloponnesian leaders address their troops to reassure them after the earlier sea defeat, arguing that the loss came from lack of preparation and chance rather than cowardice, and promising better preparation and discipline.
and noticing that the men were most of them cowed by the previous defeat and out of heart for the business, first called them together and encouraged them as follows: “Peloponnesians, the late engagement, which may have made some of you afraid of the one now in prospect, really gives no just ground for apprehension. Preparation for it, as you know, there was little enough; and the object of our voyage was not so muc…
Phormio exhorts the Athenians, claiming the Peloponnesians are relying on land-style confidence and fear rather than true sea skill, warning them to hold station, maintain order and silence, and fight in well-managed formation.
Peloponnesian vessels. At the moment, however, he saw that they were dispirited by the sight before them, and wishing to refresh their confidence, called them together and spoke as follows: “I see, my men, that you are frightened by the number of the enemy, and I have accordingly called you together, not liking you to be afraid of what is not really terrible. In the first place, the Peloponnesians, already defeated,…
Pagondas argues Boeotians must fight Athens wherever they meet them because Athenians crossed into Boeotia and built a fort; he urges resistance as defending freedom and not unjust enslavement, and his speech leads them to attack.
him, company after company, to prevent their all leaving their arms at once, and urged them to attack the Athenians, and stand the issue of a battle, speaking as follows: “Boeotians, the idea that we ought not to give battle to the Athenians, unless we came up with them in Boeotia, is one which should never have entered into the head of any of us, your generals. It was to annoy Boeotia that they crossed the frontier…
Brasidas urges his Peloponnesian troops during the retreat, arguing that their courage does not depend on allies or numbers, and that barbarians’ frightening appearance will fade when they face organized resistance.
the retreat and beat off the most forward of their assailants, Meanwhile, before the enemy approached, he sought to sustain the courage of his soldiers with the following hasty exhortation: “Peloponnesians, if I did not suspect you of being dismayed at being left alone to sustain the attack of a numerous and barbarian enemy, I should just have said a few words to you as usual without further explanation. As it is, i…
Agis plans a maneuver to fix right-left overlap fear, but mistakes and noncompliance by officers cause the Sciritae to be attacked in the breach, leading to a decisive rout in one section while others fight stubbornly.
do with religion, but is meant to make them advance evenly, stepping in time, without break their order, as large armies are apt to do in the moment of engaging. Just before the battle joined, King Agis resolved upon the following manoeuvre. All armies are alike in this: on going into action they get forced out rather on their right wing, and one and the other overlap with this adversary’s left; because fear makes e…
Demodocus sings at the banquet about the quarrel between Ulysses and Achilles, making Ulysses weep in disguise, after which Alcinous moves the event to athletic sports with many named competitors.
both old and young; and Alcinous killed them a dozen sheep, eight full grown pigs, and two oxen. These they skinned and dressed so as to provide a magnificent banquet. A servant presently led in the famous bard Demodocus, whom the muse had dearly loved, but to whom she had given both good and evil, for though she had endowed him with a divine gift of song, she had robbed him of his eyesight. Pontonous set a seat for…
In the games, Clytoneus wins the footrace, Euryalus wrestling, Amphialus jumping, Elatreus disc-throwing, and Laodamas boxing, and then Ulysses is urged to compete.
Euryalus son of Naubolus, who was like Mars himself, and was the best looking man among the Phaeacians except Laodamas. Three sons of Alcinous, Laodamas, Halios, and Clytoneus, competed also. The foot races came first. The course was set out for them from the starting post, and they raised a dust upon the plain as they all flew forward at the same moment. Clytoneus came in first by a long way; he left every one else…
After Euryalus insults Ulysses as unskilled, Ulysses retorts that appearance without discretion is foolish, insists he was once an elite athlete, and triumphs by throwing a disc far beyond the rest.
ships as captains or merchants, and who think of nothing but of their outward freights and homeward cargoes. There does not seem to be much of the athlete about you.” “For shame, Sir,” answered Ulysses, fiercely, “you are an insolent fellow—so true is it that the gods do not grace all men alike in speech, person, and understanding. One man may be of weak presence, but heaven has adorned this with such a good convers…
Odysseus reassures the watching Phaeacians that he will compete in athletics, claims exceptional skill in discus, archery, and combat, and explains he may be slower in running and weakened by past sea hardship.
for it—it is so far ahead of any other. You may make your mind easy about this contest, for no Phaeacian can come near to such a throw as yours.” Ulysses was glad when he found he had a friend among the lookers-on, so he began to speak more pleasantly. “Young men,” said he, “come up to that throw if you can, and I will throw another disc as heavy or even heavier. If anyone wants to have a bout with me let him come o…
Achilles tells Odysseus he would rather be a low servant on earth than king among the dead, then asks about his father Peleus and his son Neoptolemus, whose deeds Odysseus describes in detail.
said, ‘Agamemnon, why do you ask me? I do not know whether your son is alive or dead, and it is not right to talk when one does not know.’ “As we two sat weeping and talking thus sadly with one another the ghost of Achilles came up to us with Patroclus, Antilochus, and Ajax who was the finest and goodliest man of all the Danaans after the son of Peleus. The fleet descendant of Aeacus knew me and spoke piteously, say…
Odysseus describes Neoptolemus’s courage at Troy and the Trojan Horse episode, then narrates Achilles’s son’s prowess to the ghost, and turns to other dead, especially Ajax who remains angry about Achilles’s armor contest.
as I then was and go even for a short time to my father’s house, any one who tried to do him violence or supersede him would soon rue it.’ “‘I have heard nothing,’ I answered, ‘of Peleus, but I can tell you all about your son Neoptolemus, for I took him in my own ship from Scyros with the Achaeans. In our councils of war before Troy he was always first to speak, and his judgement was unerring. Nestor and I were the …
Minerva instructs Ulysses to target the suitors who have dominated Penelope’s house for three years, and she disguises him as an old, ugly beggar before sending him to the swineherd to learn the situation.
stone against the door of the cave. Then the two sat down by the root of the great olive, and consulted how to compass the destruction of the wicked suitors. “Ulysses,” said Minerva, “noble son of Laertes, think how you can lay hands on these disreputable people who have been lording it in your house these three years, courting your wife and making wedding presents to her, while she does nothing but lament your abse…
Ulysses, disguised as a beggar, eats and walks among Penelope’s suitors, while Minerva goads him to test their character and the swineherd Eumaeus and Telemachus defend him against Antinous’s insults.
Ulysses answered, “May King Jove grant all happiness to Telemachus, and fulfil the desire of his heart.” Then with both hands he took what Telemachus had sent him, and laid it on the dirty old wallet at his feet. He went on eating it while the bard was singing, and had just finished his dinner as he left off. The suitors applauded the bard, whereon Minerva went up to Ulysses and prompted him to beg pieces of bread f…
Ulysses, strengthened by Athena, defeats Irus with a killing blow and drags him outside, while Penelope’s suitors laugh and prepare more gifts for Ulysses; later Ulysses warns Amphinomus about fearing gods and awaiting his enemy’s return.
have to fight more than one. I am host, and the other chiefs, Antinous and Eurymachus, both of them men of understanding, are of the same mind as I am.” Every one assented, and Ulysses girded his old rags about his loins, thus baring his stalwart thighs, his broad chest and shoulders, and his mighty arms; but Minerva came up to him and made his limbs even stronger still. The suitors were beyond measure astonished, a…
Eumaeus and Philoetius discuss Ulysses’ absence while Ulysses listens, the suitors plot and then dine; Telemachus seats Ulysses on stone and defends him from insults, and Ctesippus throws an ox’s foot.
before we have given each other a taste of our fists. You beg without any sense of decency: are there not feasts elsewhere among the Achaeans, as well as here?” Ulysses made no answer, but bowed his head and brooded. Then a third man, Philoetius, joined them, who was bringing in a barren heifer and some goats. These were brought over by the boatmen who are there to take people over when any one comes to them. So Phi…
Telemachus tries the bow but cannot string it, then Leiodes fails and urges Penelope to marry a stronger man; Antinous orders warming and greasing the bow to continue testing the suitors.
He was trying for the fourth time, and would have strung it had not Ulysses made a sign to check him in spite of all his eagerness. So he said: “Alas! I shall either be always feeble and of no prowess, or I am too young, and have not yet reached my full strength so as to be able to hold my own if any one attacks me. You others, therefore, who are stronger than I, make trial of the bow and get this contest settled.” …
Athena/Dawn enables Odysseus to plan the next step: he orders Penelope to guard the household, warns her to ask no questions, arms himself and summons Telemachus, Philoetius, and Eumaeus to sally out in darkness.
raiment in great abundance. This was the last thing about which he told her, for here a deep sleep took hold upon him and eased the burden of his sorrows. Then Minerva bethought her of another matter. When she deemed that Ulysses had had both of his wife and of repose, she bade gold-enthroned Dawn rise out of Oceanus that she might shed light upon mankind. On this, Ulysses rose from his comfortable bed and said to P…
Minerva/ Mentor arms the aged Laertes for a duel, stops Ithaca’s fighters by frightening them, then warns Ulysses that Jove will be angry and makes a formal peace covenant between the parties.
up to him and said, “Son of Arceisius—-best friend I have in the world—pray to the blue-eyed damsel, and to Jove her father; then poise your spear and hurl it.” As she spoke she infused fresh vigour into him, and when he had prayed to her he poised his spear and hurled it. He hit Eupeithes’ helmet, and the spear went right through it, for the helmet stayed it not, and his armour rang rattling round him as he fell he…
Euryalus taunts Odysseus as unskilled for games, and Odysseus retorts that he has endured hardship at sea and in war but will compete anyway, proving his strength by far surpassing the Phaeacian throwing distance.
one with a memory for his freight, or that hath the charge of a cargo homeward bound, and of greedily gotten gains; thou seemest not a man of thy hands.” Then Odysseus of many counsels looked fiercely on him and said: “Stranger, thou hast not spoken well; thou art like a man presumptuous. So true it is that the gods do not give every gracious gift to all, neither shapeliness, nor wisdom, nor skilled speech. For one …
Odysseus sharpens a blazing stake, gets his men to blind Polyphemus, and escapes the cave while Polyphemus calls to other Cyclopes for help against “Noman” who is “slaying me by guile.”
fat flocks towards the hills; but I was left devising evil in the deep of my heart, if in any wise I might avenge me, and Athene grant me renown. “And this was the counsel that showed best in my sight. There lay by a sheep-fold a great club of the Cyclops, a club of olive wood, yet green, which he had cut to carry with him when it should be seasoned. Now when we saw it we likened it in size to the mast of a black sh…
Odysseus escapes the Cyclops Polyphemus by binding three rams together so his men ride beneath them, clinging under the best ram until dawn when Polyphemus checks the flock and sends it out.
handling thee in thy solitude, it can in no wise be that thou shouldest escape the sickness sent by mighty Zeus. Nay, pray thou to thy father, the lord Poseidon.’ “On this wise they spake and departed; and my heart within me laughed to see how my name and cunning counsel had beguiled them. But the Cyclops, groaning and travailing in pain, groped with his hands, and lifted away the stone from the door of the cave, an…
Odysseus proposes a meal before they starve, leads scouting bands to Circe’s palace, and has Eurylochus drawn by lot with twenty-two men; Circe drugs and enchants the men, turning them into swine.
day of destiny; go to then, while as yet there is meat and drink in the swift ship, let us take thought thereof, that we be not famished for hunger.’ “Even so I spake, and they speedily hearkened to my words. They unmuffled their heads, and there on the shore of the unharvested sea gazed at the stag, for he was a mighty quarry. But after they had delighted their eyes with the sight of him, they washed their hands an…
Circe recognizes Odysseus despite his charm-resistance, swears she will not harm him, and prepares hospitality—bathing, oiling, and feasting—while Odysseus refuses to eat, suspecting further trickery.
and sprang upon Circe, as one eager to slay her. But with a great cry she slipped under, and clasped my knees, and bewailing herself spake to me winged words: “‘Who art thou of the sons of men, and whence? Where is thy city? Where are they that begat thee? I marvel to see how thou hast drunk of this charm, and wast nowise subdued. Nay, for there lives no man else that is proof against this charm, whoso hath drunk th…
Eurylochus resists going to Circe, fearing further transformation like the Cyclops episode, but Odysseus and the others proceed; Circe continues to bathe and clothe them and they feast together for a year.
“So spake I, and at once they hearkened to my words, but Eurylochus alone would have holden all my companions, and uttering his voice he spake to them winged words: “‘Wretched men that we are! whither are we going? Why are your hearts so set on sorrow that ye should go down to the hall of Circe, who will surely change us all to swine, or wolves, or lions, to guard her great house perforce, according to the deeds tha…
Odysseus tells Eumaeus how to approach the wooers, and they discuss the palace’s defenses and the feast’s sights and sounds; Argos the faithful hunting dog lies in dung, weak but recognizing Odysseus before dying soon after.
of the hollow lyre rang around them, for Phemius was lifting up his voice amid the company in song, and Odysseus caught the swineherd by the hand, and spake, saying: “Eumaeus, verily this is the fair house of Odysseus, and right easily might it be known and marked even among many. There is building beyond building, and the court of the house is cunningly wrought with a wall and battlements, and well-fenced are the f…
Another beggar, Irus (Arnaeus), tries to drive Odysseus from the doorway, and Antinous turns it into a contest by matching Irus against Odysseus with promised reward of goats’-belly puddings and continued feasting rights for the winner.
and a doublet, whereof thou standest most in need. Moreover thou shalt beg thy bread through the land and shalt fill thy belly, and whosoever will, shall give to thee.” Then the steadfast goodly Odysseus answered him, saying: “Eumaeus, soon would I tell all the truth to the daughter of Icarius, wise Penelope, for well I know his story, and we have borne our travail together. But I tremble before the throng of the fr…
Melantho insults Odysseus and Odysseus threatens to report her to Telemachus, while Eurymachus and Odysseus exchange taunts that involve farm labor and war, escalating to violence when Eurymachus strikes a servant.
thou art, or yet more than now, while I am far away. But when thou seest thy son a bearded man, marry whom thou wilt and leave thine own house.’ “Even so did he speak, and now all these things have an end. The night shall come when a hateful marriage shall find me out, me most luckless, whose good hap Zeus has taken away. But furthermore this sore trouble has come on my heart and soul; for this was not the manner of…
Odysseus kills Antinous with an arrow while he drinks, triggers panic among the wooers, and promises continued slaughter, then Eurymachus attacks and is also shot in the breast.
The killing of the wooers. Then Odysseus of many counsels stripped him of his rags and leaped on to the great threshold with his bow and quiver full of arrows, and poured forth all the swift shafts there before his feet, and spake among the wooers: “Lo, now is this terrible trial ended at last; and now will I know of another mark, which never yet man has smitten, if perchance I may hit it and Apollo grant me renown…
Darwin states that natural selection continually scrutinizes variations across the world, and that even tiny differences—like bird and insect coloration or plant fruit down—can strongly affect survival under predation and disease.
“truer” in character than man’s productions; that they should be infinitely better adapted to the most complex conditions of life, and should plainly bear the stamp of far higher workmanship? It may be said that natural selection is daily and hourly scrutinising, throughout the world, every variation, even the slightest; rejecting that which is bad, preserving and adding up all that is good; silently and insensibly …
Darwin defines sexual selection as a male-male struggle for females where unsuccessful males leave few or no offspring, arguing it is less rigorous than natural selection and can produce weapons and ornaments.
with weak beaks would inevitably perish: or, more delicate and more easily broken shells might be selected, the thickness of the shell being known to vary like every other structure. *Sexual Selection*.—Inasmuch as peculiarities often appear under domestication in one sex and become hereditarily attached to that sex, the same fact probably occurs under nature, and if so, natural selection will be able to modify one …
Darwin argues that species extinction looks mysterious only because hidden, harmful factors steadily check population growth, as shown by fossil horses in La Plata that must have been rare and then replaced by competitors.
in numbers of the species. In some cases, however, the extermination of whole groups of beings, as of ammonites towards the close of the secondary period, has been wonderfully sudden. The whole subject of the extinction of species has been involved in the most gratuitous mystery. Some authors have even supposed that as the individual has a definite length of life, so have species a definite duration. No one I think …
He argues that natural selection operates like human selection because the struggle for existence, driven by high reproductive rates, preserves favorable variations and can explain adaptation under changing conditions.
breeds produced by man have to a large extent the character of natural species, is shown by the inextricable doubts whether very many of them are varieties or aboriginal species. There is no obvious reason why the principles which have acted so efficiently under domestication should not have acted under nature. In the preservation of favoured individuals and races, during the constantly-recurrent Struggle for Existe…
Jacob travels after the covenant, meets God’s angels at Mahanaim, sends messengers to Esau, prepares for conflict, sends a large present, wrestles with a mysterious man until dawn, and is renamed Israel.
But Iacob went forth on his journey. And the angels of God came and met him. And when Iacob saw them, he said: this is God's {godes} host: and called the name of that same place Mahanaim. Iacob sent messengers before him to Esau his brother, unto the land of Seir and the field of Edom. And he commanded them saying: see that ye speak after this manner to my lord Esau: thy servant, Iacob sayeth thus; I have sojourned a…
Jesus warns the apostles not to fear persecution, urges open preaching, promises divine help in speech, and teaches that his mission brings division rather than peace; he also sends them onward to preach, then answers John the Baptist’s messengers with signs and praise for John.
be as his lord is. If they have called the lord of the house beelzebub: how much more shall they call them of his household so? Fear them not therefore. There is nothing so close, that shall not be opened, and nothing so hid, that shall not be known. What I tell you in darkness, that speak ye in light. And what ye hear in the ear that preach ye on the house tops. And fear ye not them which kill the body, and be no…
Jesus descends from the mountain, heals a demon-tormented child after the disciples fail, explains that greatness comes from receiving a child, rejects fire from heaven, teaches costly discipleship, and begins a journey toward Jerusalem.
which he should end at Ierusalem. Peter and they that were with him, were heavy asleep. And when they woke, they saw his majesty, and two men standing with him. And it chanced as they departed from him, Peter said unto Iesus: Master, it is good being here for us. Let us make three tabernacles, one for thee, and one for Moses, and one for Helias. And wist not what he said. While he thus spake there came a cloud and s…
Jesus compares God’s kingdom to mustard seed and leaven, warns that many will be shut out of the kingdom, confronts Herod’s threat, and proclaims Jerusalem’s coming desolation.
stall, and lead him to the water? And ought not this daughter of Abraham, be loosed from this bond on the saboth day, whom Sathan hath bounde lo, xviij. years? And when he thus said, all his adversaries were ashamed, and all the people rejoiced on all the excellent deeds, that were done by him. Then said he: What is the kingdom of God like? or whereto shall I compare it? It is like a grain of mustard seed, which a …
At the Last Supper Jesus foretells betrayal, teaches servant leadership, warns Peter’s denial, institutes armed readiness imagery, prays in Gethsemane with bloody sweat, and is arrested after Judas’ kiss.
is appointed: But woe be to that man by whom he is betrayed. And they began to enquire among themselves, which of them it should be, that should do that. And there was a strife among them, which of them should seem greatest. And he said unto them: The kings of the gentiles reign over them, And they that bear rule over them, are called gracious lords. But ye shall not be so. But he that is greatest among you, shall b…
Paul urges the Philippians to work out salvation with fear and trembling, avoid murmuring, shine as lights amid a perverse nation, and remain steadfast while sending Timothy, Epaphroditus, and warning against Judaizing dogs.
things in heaven, and things in earth and things under earth, and that all tongues should confess that Iesus Christ is the lord unto the praise of God the father. Wherefore my dearly beloved, as ye have always obeyed, not when I was present only, but now much more in mine absence, even so perform your own health with fear and trembling. For it is God which worketh in you, both the will and also the deed, even of goo…
In 2 Timothy Paul strengthens Timothy with encouragement amid hardship, recalling faith in Lois and Eunice, urging faithful teaching, enduring affliction like a soldier, and rejecting divisive words and false claims.
I am not ashamed. For I know whom I have believed, and am sure that he is able keep that which I have committed to his keeping against that day. See thou have the example of the wholesome words which thou heardest of me, in faith and love which is in Iesu Christ. That good thing which was committed to thy keeping, keep in the holy ghost which dwelleth in us. This thou knowest how that all they which are in Asia be t…
1 Peter closes with instructions to elders and younger believers, encourages humility and steadfast resistance to the devil, and ends with greetings from Babylon and a call to greet one another with a kiss of love.
your selves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you, when the time is come. Cast all your care to him: for he careth for you. Be sober and watch, for your adversary the devil as a roaring lion walketh about, seeking whom he may devour: whom resist steadfast in the faith, remembering that ye do but fulfil the same afflictions which are appointed to your brethren that are in the world. The God of…
This passage defines faith and illustrates it through biblical exemplars—Abel, Enoch, Noah, Abraham, Sarah, and others—culminating in endurance and the hope of a better, heavenly country.
The .xj. Chapter. Faith is a sure confidence of things which are hoped for, and a certainty of things which are not seen. By it the elders were well reported of. Thorow faith we understand that the world was ordained, by the word of God: That by the means of things which appear, things which are invisible might be known. By faith Abel offered unto God a more plenteous sacrifice than Cain: by which, he obtained witne…
Continuing the faith-roll, it recounts events like the Passover, crossing the Red/Reed Sea, Jericho’s fall, Rahab, and many prophets and martyrs, ending with endurance and a race toward Jesus.
to enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season, and esteemed the rebuke of Christ greater riches, than the treasure of Egypt. For he had a respect unto the reward. By faith he forsook Egypt, and feared not the fierceness of the king. For he endured, even as he had seen him which is invisible. Thorow faith he ordained the ester lamb, and the effusion of blood, lest he that destroyed the first born should touch them. By …
The exhortation urges holiness, endurance under divine chastening, and careful obedience, contrasting terrifying Sinai with joyful access to Mount Zion, the heavenly city, and Christ’s mediation.
his holiness. No manner learning for the present time seemeth to be joyous, but grievous: nevertheless afterward it bringeth the quiet fruit of righteousness unto them which are therein exercised. Stretch forth therefore again the hands which were let down, and the weak knees, and see that ye have straight steps unto your feet, lest any halting turn out of the way: yee, let it rather be healed. Embrace peace with al…
The revelation addresses individual congregations—Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamos, and Thiatira—praising some works and warning against false teaching, with threats of removal or punishment and rewards for “overcomers.”
The second Chapter. Unto the angel of the congregation of Ephesus write: These things saith he that holdeth the vij. stars in his right hand, and walketh in the midst of the vij. golden candlesticks. I know thy works, and thy labour, and thy patience, and how thou canst not forbear them which are evil: and examinedst them which say they are apostles, and are not: and hast found them liars. And hast suffered, and has…
Fabius downplays war fears in senate and assembly, defends associating with Publius Decius, and—before the consuls arrive—Senonian Gauls attack at Clusium; the narrative weighs whether the defeat was Gaulish or Umbrian.
from whom the senate might learn the real state of the war in Etruria; and with what number of troops, and by how many generals, it should be carried on. 26. Fabius, as soon as he returned to Rome, qualified his discourses, both in the senate and when brought before the people, in such a manner as to appear neither to exaggerate or lessen, any particular relating to the war; and to show, that, in agreeing to another…
Livy begins the account of the Second Punic War, praising the scale and hatred of Romans and Carthaginians, and recounts Hannibal’s boyhood oath to oppose Rome promised to his father Hamilcar.
_Origin of the second Punic war. Hannibal's character. In violation of a treaty, he passes the Iberus. Besieges Saguntum, and at length takes it. The Romans send ambassadors to Carthage; declare war. Hannibal crosses the Pyrenees: makes his way through Gaul; then crosses the Alps; defeats the Romans at the Ticinus. The Romans again defeated at the Trebia. Cneius Cornelius Scipio defeats the Carthaginians in Spain, an…
Hannibal exhorts his soldiers against their fear, arguing that Pyrenees, the Rhone, and the Alps are already overcome in principle and that Rome, the world’s capital, is their proper end.
remembrance of the former war not being yet obliterated; but much more did they dread the immense journey and the Alps, a thing formidable by report, particularly to the inexperienced. 30. Hannibal, therefore, when his own resolution was fixed to proceed in his course and advance on Italy, having summoned an assembly, works upon the minds of the soldiers in various ways, by reproof and exhortation. He said, that "he…
Scipio speaks to soldiers before battle after pitching camp at the river Ticinus, arguing that their enemy is diminished by the Alpine crossing while Roman forces remain vigorous, and that Rome must stand as if before its walls.
and having pitched his camp at the river Ticinus, he delivered the following oration for the sake of encouraging his soldiers before he led them out to form for battle: 40. "If, soldiers, I were leading out that army to battle which I had with me in Gaul, I should have thought it superfluous to address you; for of what use would it be to exhort either those horsemen who so gloriously vanquished the cavalry of the en…
Livy describes Hannibal’s response: he circulates captive mountaineers in fetters for combat, casts lots for who will fight for freedom, and then addresses his own troops by likening their situation to being trapped by seas and the Po with no escape except victory.
Rome now anxiously regard our efforts; and that according as our strength and valour shall be, such henceforward will be the fortune of that city and of the Roman empire." 42. Thus the consul addressed the Romans. Hannibal, thinking that his soldiers ought to be roused by deeds rather than by words, having drawn his army around for the spectacle, placed in their midst the captive mountaineers in fetters; and after G…
Hannibal urges his soldiers to preserve the feelings they saw in the staged combats, promising that victory will give them Roman rewards and explaining that defeating a despised enemy is not impossible; he contrasts his own long campaign experience with the Romans’ six-month generalship.
their companions in the same circumstances, but among the spectators in general, that the fortune of those who conquered was not praised more than that of those who died bravely. 43. When he had dismissed the soldiers, thus affected after viewing several pairs of combatants, having then summoned an assembly, he is said to have addressed them in these terms: "If, soldiers, you shall by and by, in judging of your own …
A Carthaginian commander exhorts his troops to fight because their opponents are strong and united, blaming Rome’s losses and claiming only conquest or death avoids humiliation.
gifts, I, who was the pupil of you all before I became your commander, will march out in battle-array against those who are unknown to and ignorant of each other." 44. "On whatever side I turn my eyes I see nothing but what is full of courage and energy; a veteran infantry; calvary, both those with and those without the bridle, composed of the most gallant nations, you our most faithful and valiant allies, you Carth…
Despite Roman prodigies, Scipio scouts and clashes with Hannibal; the cavalry fight shifts to infantry combat, with confusion from intermingled troops and Numidians attacking from the rear.
hopes, and thinking that the only delay in obtaining the object of their wishes arose from their not yet being engaged, with one mind and one voice demanded the battle. 46. By no means so great an alacrity prevailed among the Romans, who, in addition to other causes, were also alarmed by recent prodigies; for both a wolf had entered the camp, and having torn those who met him, had escaped unhurt; and a swarm of bees…