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Often appears with: religious persecution and toleration · treaties, truces, and peacemaking · justice as a virtue · censorship and the press · whiteboys rebellion · visions of christ · treaty with the king · tolerance · tithes and rent rises · theism · the nature and attributes of God · supreme being
Usually: indignation (5) · argument (4) · injustice endured (4) · letter or document (2) · narrative (2) · detachment (2) · exhortation (2) · reverence (2) · list or catalogue (1) · temptation (1)
“Wherefore, most excellent and pious brethren, devote yourselves entirely to this cause, according to the Christian sincerity of your heart; because we are confident you will do this of your own accord, we do not press you more urgently upon the matter.” Jean Calvin, Letters of John Calvin, Volume I · precept
“What is tolerance? it is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty and error; let us pardon reciprocally each other's folly--that is the first law of nature.” Voltaire, Voltaire's Philosophical Dictionary · precept
“Treat them like men who ought to be as free as yourselves. Put an end to that system of religious persecution which for seventy years has divided the kingdom against itself; in these two circumstances lies the cure of insurrection; perform them completely, and you will have an affectionate poor, instead of oppressed and discontented vassals.” Arthur Young, A Tour in Ireland. 1776-1779 · precept
“Men who are in such a situation that from various causes they cannot work, and won't enlist, should emigrate; if they stay at home they must remain a burthen upon the community.” Arthur Young, A Tour in Ireland. 1776-1779 · observation
Calvin writes to Peter Viret from Strasbourg noting that a treaty allows some religious leniency, and urges Viret and his council to help persecuted “brethren” escape without provoking their opponents.
obsecro, habe eum in numero eorum qui quidvis pati volunt pro Christo."--*MSS. de Strasbourg.* We hear that a treaty was lately agreed upon by your Rulers with our King, in which some mention was made of religion, to the effect that henceforth those who agree with yourselves in their sentiments of religion, should not be punished with the wonted severity. If that is true, we must not allow so favourable an opportu…
Calvin restates the two possible actions for resolving the brethren’s danger: obtain acceptance of the royal grant or appease the king’s anger against them.
that he may allow them to enjoy the benefit which has been already granted, or his anger must be appeased, if it shall have begun to wax hot against them. [447] See pp. 187, 228, 270, 273, 283, 308. Suspended by Letters-patent of the King, and by the humanity of the President Chassanée, the execution of the sentence of the Parliament of Aix was furiously demanded by the new President of that Court, Jean Meni…
The passage lists policy cuts and hardships—ending spectacles, suppressing the consulship, and reducing decorations—then turns to religious persecution and punitive actions against church leaders in multiple cities.
Destruction of city decorations and ornaments--Advocates deprived of their fees by the institution of arbitrators--Physicians and professors deprived of their pensions--Public spectacles discontinued--The consulship suppressed--Scarcity of corn and water at Byzantium, Rome, and Alexandria--Generosity of Theodoric, the conqueror of Italy--Greed of Alexander Forficula--Disbanding of the garrison of Thermopylae--Spoliat…
Justinian is portrayed as persecuting heresies by ordering abandonment of non-orthodox Christian beliefs, seizing church wealth, forcing conversions, and triggering massacres, flight, and arson, followed by laws against Samaritans and religious dissent in Palestine and Caesarea.
break the truce, by employing every effort to bring Alamundur and his Huns over to his own side, as I have already set forth in plain terms in my history. While he was stirring up all this strife and war to plague the Romans, he also endeavoured, by various devices, to drench the earth in human blood, to carry off more riches for himself, and to murder many of his subjects. He proceeded as follows. There prevail in …
He links Irish insurrection to Protestant-Catholic division, contrasting earlier boy groups with the Whiteboys, who resisted tithes and rising rents, and argues reform must target landlords’ conduct and religious persecution.
truth: and what is liberty but a farce and a jest, if its blessings are received as the favour of kindness and humanity, instead of being the inheritance of right? Consequences have flowed from these oppressions which ought long ago to have put a stop to them. In England we have heard much of White-boys, Steel-boys, Oak-boys, Peep-of-day-boys, etc. But these various insurgents are not to be confounded, for they ar…
Teresa describes how she saw the risen Christ in various settings (the Host, the cross, the Garden) and faced suspicion, persecution, and clerical fear, but insists she never regretted the visions.
take from us these mercies and His grace, and we may be lost for ever. We must therefore walk in His fear while we are living in this our exile. 4. Our Lord showed Himself to me almost always as He is after His resurrection. It was the same in the Host; only at those times when I was in trouble, and when it was His will to strengthen me, did He show His wounds. Sometimes I saw Him on the cross, in the Garden, crow…
Teresa reports resistance and persecution once the foundation plan became known, including ridicule, while her visions and consolations strengthened her and her companion; many locals and even those in prayer opposed the project.
and going against our conscience, I believe I should have given it up, and looked out for some other way; but our Lord showed me no other way than this. 20. The servant of God told me afterwards that he had made up his mind to insist on the abandonment of our project, for he had already heard the popular cry: moreover, he, as everybody did, thought it folly; and a certain nobleman also, as soon as he knew that we ha…
He continues with religious prejudices and persecution, satirically describing how clergy and rulers exploit doctrine to control people, then shifts to “Rare” in morality and aesthetics, linking admiration to rarity.
that a king's daughter would leave her convent with her pitcher, whether it were likely that a she-wolf would suckle two children instead of eating them; the prejudice established itself. A monk writes that Clovis, being in great danger at the battle of Tolbiac, made a vow to turn Christian if he escaped; but is it natural to address oneself to a foreign god on such an occasion? is it not then that the religion in w…
Voltaire outlines his “theist” ideal: belief in a just Supreme Being without claiming to know divine workings, and presents tolerance as a natural law remedying sectarian discord.
few signs of this Providence: and, judging of the things he does not see by the things he sees, he considers that this Providence reaches all places and all centuries. Reconciled in this principle with the rest of the universe, he does not embrace any of the sects, all of which contradict each other; his religion is the most ancient and the most widespread; for the simple worship of a God has preceded all the system…