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The City of God, Volume I

Augustine (Aurelius Augustine), Saint of Hippo · composed 413–426; published/issued in installments during composition primary

passage 181 of 449 · BOOK I. > BOOK FIFTH.[183] (30/37)

in brief
Augustine argues that portraying virtues as slaves of Pleasure or human glory debases them, making virtue merely self-serving and still dependent on human praise rather than truth and God.

health of the body, be grievously offended. Thus the virtues, with the whole dignity of their glory, will be the slaves of Pleasure, as of some imperious and disreputable woman.

There is nothing, say our philosophers, more disgraceful and monstrous than this picture, and which the eyes of good men can less endure. And they say the truth. But I do not think that the picture would be sufficiently becoming, even if it were made so that the virtues should be represented as the slaves of human glory; for, though that glory be not a luxurious woman, it is nevertheless puffed up, and has much vanity in it. Wherefore it is unworthy of the solidity and firmness of the virtues to represent them as serving this glory, so that Prudence shall provide nothing, Justice distribute nothing, Temperance moderate nothing, except to the end that men may be pleased and vainglory served. Nor will they be able to defend themselves from the charge of such baseness, whilst they, by way of being despisers of glory, disregard the judgment of other men, seem to themselves wise, and please themselves. For their virtue,--if, indeed, it is virtue at all,--is only in another way subjected to human praise; for he who seeks to please himself seeks still to please man. But he who, with true piety towards God, whom he loves, believes, and hopes in, fixes his attention more on those things in which he displeases himself, than on those things, if there are any such, which please himself, or rather, not himself, but the truth, does not attribute that by which he can now please the truth to anything but to the mercy of Him whom he has feared to displease, giving thanks for what in him is healed, and pouring out prayers for the healing of that which is yet unhealed.

  1. That the Roman dominion was granted by Him from whom is all power, and by whose providence all things are ruled.
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topics: hypocrisy and the appearance of virtue · justice as a virtue · pride, vanity, and humility

The City of God, Volume I · Augustine (Aurelius Augustine), Saint of Hippo · 413–426