HKB
but, even if we omit cases in which there is an exceptional dearth of oxen, the variations are so considerable that we must not speak of a type or norm.
[1384] Glastonbury Rentalia, 51-2: 'S. tenet 1 virgatam terre ... et si habet 8 boves debet warectare ... 7 acras. Si autem pauciores habet, warectabit pro unoquoque bove octavam partem 7 acrarum.' Ibid. 61: 'R. C. tenet unam virgatam ... et habebit 4 boves cum bobus domini.' Ibid. 68: 'G. tenet dimidiam hidam ... et si habuerit 8 boves...' Ibid. 78: 'L. tenet 5 acras ... et bis debet venire cum 1 bove et cum pluribus si habuerit...' Ibid. 98-9: 'M. tenet 1 virgatam ... si habuerit quatuor boves...' Ibid. 129: 'S. tenet 1 virgatam ... et debet invenire domino 1 carrum et 6 boves ad cariandum fenum.' Ibid. 130: 'M. tenet dimidiam virgatam ... et debet invenire 2 boves.' Ibid. 189: Three cases in which a virgater comes to the boon days with eight oxen. Larking, Domesday of Kent, App. 33: Customs of Hedenham: '...habebit unam virgatam terrae ... item habebit quatuor boves in pasturam domini.'
[1385] D. B. i. 211: 'Terra est dim. car. et unus bos ibi arat.'
[1386] D. B. i. 342 b, Toresbi.
[1387] Pollock, E. H. R. xi. 813. I venture to think that Sir F. Pollock has not answered his own argument (p. 220) for a constant caruca.
[1388] Inq. Com. Cant. 70.
[1389] Another example from a Northamptonshire column (D. B. i. 226) will show what we mean. Let H stand for hides and T for teamlands, and let the virgate be a quarter of a hide, then we have this series: 2 H (5 T), 2-1/2 H (4 T), 4 H (8 T), 1-1/4 H (3 T), 1-7/12 H (4 T), 3/8 H (1/2 T), 1/2 H (1 T), 2-1/2 H (6 T), 1-1/4 H (3 T), 2 H (4 T), 7/8 H (3 T). We see that T is integral where H is fractional.
[1390] Exceptionally we read in Kent (i. 9): 'Terra est dim. car. et ibidem sunt adhuc 30 acrae terrae.' And is not this a rule-proving exception? The jurors can not say simply 'land for half a team and thirty acres.' They say 'land for half a team and there are thirty acres in addition.'
[1391] D. B. iv. 497; Inq. Com. Cant. 97.
[1392] There can be little doubt that this is the right reading. See Round. Feudal England, 134.
[1393] Thus, D. B. ii. 39: 'Tunc 4 carucae in dominio, post et modo 2 ... et 2 carucae possunt restaurari.' To use our symbols, in Essex, Norfolk and Suffolk we obtain statements about A and about C, but learn nothing about B, unless this is to be inferred from the increase or decrease that has taken place in C. We shall hereafter argue that, in spite of some appearances to the contrary, the carucates of East Anglia belong to the order A and not to the order B.
[1394] Thus, D. B. i. 231: 'Rad. tenet de episcopo 4 car. terrae in Partenei. Terra est 4 car. In dominio sunt 2 et ... villani habent 2 car.' Just before this we have the other common formula: 'Rad. tenet ... 2 car. terrae in Toniscote. Duae car. possunt esse et ibi sunt.'
[1395] Thus, D. B. i. 231 b: 'Ipsa Comitissa tenuit Dunitone. Ibi 22 car. et dimid. T. R. E. erant ibi 12 car. Modo in dominio sunt 3 et ... villani ... habent 12 car.'