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Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.
Article. V.
The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of it's equal Suffrage in the Senate.
Article. VI.
All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation.
This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.
The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.
Article. VII.
The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same.
The Word, "the," being interlined done in Convention by the between the seventh and eighth Unanimous Consent of the Lines of the first Page, The Word States present the Seventeenth "Thirty" being partly written on an Day of September in the Year Erazure in the fifteenth Line of of our Lord one thousand seven the first Page, The Words "is hundred and Eighty seven and tried" being interlined between the of the Independence of the thirty second and thirty third United States of America the Lines of the first Page and the Twelfth In witness whereof We Word "the" being interlined between have hereunto subscribed our the forty third and forty fourth Names, Lines of the second Page.
Attest WILLIAM JACKSON Secretary
G^o WASHINGTON--Presid^t and deputy from Virginia
New Hampshire {JOHN LANGDON } {NICHOLAS GILMAN}
Massachusetts { NATHANIEL GORHAM { RUFUS KING
Connecticut { W^M: SAM^L JOHNSON { ROGER SHERMAN
New York ALEXANDER HAMILTON
New Jersey { WIL: LIVINGSTON { DAVID BREARLEY { W^M PATERSON { JONA: DAYTON
Pennsylvania { B FRANKLIN { THOMAS MIFFLIN { ROB^T MORRIS { GEO. CLYMER { THO^S FITZSIMONS { JARED INGERSOLL { JAMES WILSON { GOUV MORRIS
Delaware { GEO: READ { GUNNING BEDFORD jun { JOHN DICKINSON { RICHARD BASSETT { JACO: BROOM
Maryland { JAMES M^CHENRY { DAN OF S^T THO^S JENIFER { DAN^L CARROLL
Virginia { JOHN BLAIR-- { JAMES MADISON Jr.
North Carolina { W^M BLOUNT { RICH^D DOBBS SPAIGHT { HU WILLIAMSON
South Carolina { J. RUTLEDGE { CHARLES COTESWORTH PINCKNEY { CHARLES PINCKNEY { PIERCE BUTLER
Georgia { WILLIAM FEW { ABR BALDWIN
IN CONVENTION Monday September 17^{th}. 1787.
Present
The States of
New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, M^r Hamilton from New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia.
Resolved,