HKB
[Footnote 58: Daughter of Mrs. Margaret Stevenson, Franklin's landlady at Number Seven, Craven Street, Strand, London. Miss Mary later married Dr. Hewson (see note 77, below).]
[Footnote 59: Dr. Thomas Bray's philanthropic schemes for education of Negroes is here referred to. See E. L. Pennington's "The Work of the Bray Associates in Pennsylvania" for Franklin's connection with this work. Mr. Wm. Strahan wished to prevail on Franklin to remove permanently to England. Franklin writes to Deborah, March 5, 1760 (Writings, IV, 9-10), offering two reasons for his veto of Strahan's plan: "One, my Affection to Pensilvania, and long established Friendships and other connections there: The other, your invincible Aversion to Crossing the Seas." The remainder of the letter indicates, however, that he was not dead to the hope that his wife would relent.]
[Footnote 60: For Franklin's friendship with Ingersoll consult L. H. Gipson's Jared Ingersoll. A Study of American Loyalism in Relation to British Colonial Government (New Haven, 1920).]
[Footnote 61: Richard ("Omniscient") Jackson (d. 1787), member of Parliament, friend of the colonial cause. See Dictionary of National Biography, XXIX, 104-5.]
[Footnote 62: John Hawkesworth (1715?-1773). From 1752 to 1754 he edited the Adventurer, aided by Johnson, Bathurst, and Wharton. Edited Swift's writings in 1755, Swift's letters in 1766, and Cook's, Byron's, Carteret's, and Wallis's Voyages in 1773. (Dictionary of National Biography, XXV, 203-5.)]
[Footnote 63: John Stanley (1714-1786). Blind organist who composed the music for Hawkesworth's oratorio, Zimri (1760); and for his The Fall of Egypt* (1774). (*Dictionary of National Biography, LIV, 74-5.)]
[Footnote 64: Benjamin West (1738-1820).]
[Footnote 65: James Ralph (d. 1762); see Dictionary of National Biography*, XLVII, 221-4. His *Night: A Poem (London, 1728), dedicated to the Earl of Chesterfield, is a jejune imitation of Thomson's Seasons. He professes himself "a bigotted Admirer of the Antients, and all their Performances" (p. 197) in The Touch-Stone ... (London, 1728): "My Design was, to animadvert upon the Standard Entertainments of the present Age, in Comparison with those of Antiquity" (p. 237). He aided Fielding in bringing out The Champion (1741 ff.). Hallam characterized his History of England (1744-1746) as one of the best accounts of the time of Charles II. Succinct survey of Ralph in M. K. Jackson's Outlines of the Literary History of Colonial Pennsylvania, 37-42.]
[Footnote 66: John Fothergill (1712-1780). See Dictionary of National Biography* XX, 66-8. See J. C. Lettsom's *Memoirs of John Fothergill (4th ed., London, 1786) for a full treatment of his friendship with Franklin. J. J. Abraham's Lettsom, His Life, Times, Friends and Descendants (London, 1933, chap. XVIII), contains an account of the "conciliation negotiations" between Hyde and Dartmouth (representing Lord North) and Barclay and Fothergill (representing Franklin and the colonial cause). Only George III could not be persuaded. Also see R. H. Fox, Dr. John Fothergill and His Friends ... (London, 1919).
For Franklin's quarrel with the Proprietors see Cool Thoughts on the Present Situation of Our Public Affairs* (April 12, 1764, *Writings, IV, 226-41). A month later he writes to Wm. Strahan: "Our petty publick affairs here are in the greatest confusion, and will never, in my opinion, be composed, while the Proprietary Government subsists" (ibid., IV, 246).]
[Footnote 67: His son William Franklin (1731-1813), governor of New Jersey, and wife. See Dictionary of American Biography, VI, 600-1.]
[Footnote 68: The barbarities of the "Paxton boys" virtually "threatened a civil war, which Franklin and others averted. This episode marks the beginnings of the predominance of the Ulster Scotch and other Calvinists in Pennsylvania affairs, replacing the old Quaker supremacy." (A. Nevins, The American States During and After the Revolution, 1775-1789, New York, 1924, 12.) This uprising, suggests Mr. Nevins, may be viewed as a fragment of that "struggle between East and West, Tidewater and Uplands" which "cut in the later Colonial period across the alignment between people and Crown" (ibid., 11).]
[Footnote 69: Pope's translation. Franklin omits lines not essential to the thought in a particular sequence.]
[Footnote 70: From Herodotus refracted through Rabelais? See C. E. Jorgenson's "Benjamin Franklin and Rabelais."]