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The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

(Anglo-Saxon Chronicle; translator/editor) James Ingram · c. 890–mid-12th century (chronicle compilation and ongoing additions); modern translation ed. 1823/1847 primary

passage 72 of 172 · (72/157)

in brief
In 1011, the king’s council sent terms of peace and tribute as Danes overran much of southern and eastern England; despite the agreement, they beset Canterbury through treachery and carried Archbishop Elfeah away.

city, they then returned to their ships, and led the archbishop with them. Then was a captive he who before was of England head and Christendom;-- there might be seen

great wretchedness, where oft before great bliss was seen, in the fated city, whence first to us came Christendom, and bliss 'fore God and 'fore the world. And the archbishop they kept with them until the time when they martyred him.

A.D. 1012. This year came Alderman Edric, and all the oldest counsellors of England, clerk and laity, to London before Easter, which was then on the ides of April; and there they abode, over Easter, until all the tribute was paid, which was 48,000 pounds. Then on the Saturday was the army much stirred against the bishop; because he would not promise them any fee, and forbade that any man should give anything for him. They were also much drunken; for there was wine brought them from the south. Then took they the bishop, and led him to their hustings, on the eve of the Sunday after Easter, which was the thirteenth before the calends of May; and there they then shamefully killed him. They overwhelmed him with bones and horns of oxen; and one of them smote him with an axe-iron on the head; so that he sunk downwards with the blow; and his holy blood fell on the earth, whilst his sacred soul was sent to the realm of God. The corpse in the morning was carried to London; and the bishops, Ednoth and Elfhun, and the citizens, received him with all honour, and buried him in St. Paul's minster; where God now showeth this holy martyr's miracles. When the tribute was paid, and the peace-oaths were sworn, then dispersed the army as widely as it was before collected. Then submitted to the king five and forty of the ships of the enemy; and promised him, that they would defend this land, and he should feed and clothe them.

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topics: crime and punishment · siege and fortification · treaties, truces, and peacemaking

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle · (Anglo-Saxon Chronicle; translator/editor) James Ingram · 890–1150