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The Georgics

Virgil · Composed in the late Roman Republic/early Principate, chiefly 37–29 BCE primary

passage 48 of 48 · (8/8)

in brief
After the sacrifices and ninth-day timing, Aristaeus discovers bees emerging from the oxen’s bodies and clustering on a tree, and the poem ends with Virgil’s self-reference and transition to Caesar’s wars.

to the shrine he came, The appointed altars reared, and thither led Four chosen bulls of peerless form and bulk, With kine to match, that never yoke had known; Then, when the ninth dawn had led in the day, To Orpheus sent his funeral dues, and sought The grove once more. But sudden, strange to tell A portent they espy: through the oxen's flesh, Waxed soft in dissolution, hark! there hum Bees from the belly; the rent ribs overboil In endless clouds they spread them, till at last On yon tree-top together fused they cling, And drop their cluster from the bending boughs. So sang I of the tilth of furrowed fields, Of flocks and trees, while Caesar's majesty Launched forth the levin-bolts of war by deep Euphrates, and bare rule o'er willing folk Though vanquished, and essayed the heights of heaven. I Virgil then, of sweet Parthenope The nursling, wooed the flowery walks of peace Inglorious, who erst trilled for shepherd-wights The wanton ditty, and sang in saucy youth Thee, Tityrus, 'neath the spreading beech tree's shade.

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topics: conquest, plunder, and captives · fate, destiny, and necessity · plague, famine, and mass death

The Georgics · Virgil · 37–29 BCE