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The Aeneid

Virgil · c. 29–19 BCE primary

passage 83 of 206 · BOOK I > BOOK VI (4/18)

in brief
The Sibyl explains that only a few are permitted to return from hell, instructs Aeneas to pluck a golden bough for Proserpina, warns him about Misenus’ unburied ghost, and orders funeral rites before his journey to the underworld.

than theirs from Jove my lineage came; My mother greater, my descent the same.” So pray’d the Trojan prince, and, while he pray’d, His hand upon the holy altar laid.

Then thus replied the prophetess divine: “O goddess-born of great Anchises’ line, The gates of hell are open night and day; Smooth the descent, and easy is the way: But to return, and view the cheerful skies, In this the task and mighty labour lies. To few great Jupiter imparts this grace, And those of shining worth and heav’nly race. Betwixt those regions and our upper light, Deep forests and impenetrable night Possess the middle space: th’ infernal bounds Cocytus, with his sable waves, surrounds. But if so dire a love your soul invades, As twice below to view the trembling shades; If you so hard a toil will undertake, As twice to pass th’ innavigable lake; Receive my counsel. In the neighb’ring grove There stands a tree; the queen of Stygian Jove Claims it her own; thick woods and gloomy night Conceal the happy plant from human sight. One bough it bears; but wondrous to behold! The ductile rind and leaves of radiant gold: This from the vulgar branches must be torn, And to fair Proserpine the present borne, Ere leave be giv’n to tempt the nether skies. The first thus rent a second will arise, And the same metal the same room supplies. Look round the wood, with lifted eyes, to see The lurking gold upon the fatal tree: Then rend it off, as holy rites command; The willing metal will obey thy hand, Following with ease, if favour’d by thy fate, Thou art foredoom’d to view the Stygian state: If not, no labour can the tree constrain; And strength of stubborn arms and steel are vain. Besides, you know not, while you here attend, Th’ unworthy fate of your unhappy friend: Breathless he lies; and his unburied ghost, Depriv’d of fun’ral rites, pollutes your host. Pay first his pious dues; and, for the dead, Two sable sheep around his hearse be led; Then, living turfs upon his body lay: This done, securely take the destin’d way, To find the regions destitute of day.”

She said, and held her peace. Aeneas went Sad from the cave, and full of discontent, Unknowing whom the sacred Sibyl meant. Achates, the companion of his breast, Goes grieving by his side, with equal cares oppress’d. Walking, they talk’d, and fruitlessly divin’d What friend the priestess by those words design’d. But soon they found an object to deplore: Misenus lay extended on the shore; Son of the God of Winds: none so renown’d The warrior trumpet in the field to sound; With breathing brass to kindle fierce alarms, And rouse to dare their fate in honourable arms. He serv’d great Hector, and was ever near, Not with his trumpet only, but his spear. But by Pelides’ arms when Hector fell, He chose Aeneas; and he chose as well. Swoln with applause, and aiming still at more, He now provokes the sea gods from the shore; With envy Triton heard the martial sound, And the bold champion, for his challenge, drown’d; Then cast his mangled carcass on the strand: The gazing crowd around the body stand. All weep; but most Aeneas mourns his fate, And hastens to perform the funeral state. In altar-wise, a stately pile they rear; The basis broad below, and top advanc’d in air. An ancient wood, fit for the work design’d, (The shady covert of the salvage kind,) The Trojans found: the sounding ax is plied; Firs, pines, and pitch trees, and the tow’ring pride Of forest ashes, feel the fatal stroke, And piercing wedges cleave the stubborn oak. Huge trunks of trees, fell’d from the steepy crown Of the bare mountains, roll with ruin down. Arm’d like the rest the Trojan prince appears, And by his pious labour urges theirs.

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topics: funeral rites and burial · judgment, heaven, and hell · miracles and divine intervention

The Aeneid · Virgil · 29–19 BCE