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Letters of Pliny

Pliny the Younger (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus) · c. 97–c. 112 CE (letters collected/arranged for publication by Pliny) primary

passage 125 of 165 · (118/158)

67 (return) [ A slave was incapable of property; and, therefore, whatever he acquired became the right of his master. M.]

68 (return) [ "Their office was to attend upon the rites of Vests, the chief part of which was the preservation of the holy fire. If this fire happened to go out, it was considered impiety to light it at any common flame, but they made use of the pure and unpolluted rays of the sun for that purpose. There were various other duties besides connected with their office. The chief rules prescribed them were, to vow the strictest chastity, for the space of thirty years. After this term was completed, they had liberty to leave the order. If they broke their vow of virginity, they were buried alive in a place allotted to that peculiar use." Kennet's Antiq. Their reputation for sanctity was so high that Livy mentions the fact of two of those virgins having violated their vows, as a prodigy that, threatened destruction to the Roman state. Lib. XXII. C. 57. And Suetonius inform, us that Augiastus had so high an opinion of this religious order, that he consigned the care of his will to the Vestal Virgins. Suet, in vit. Aug. C. XCI. M.]

69 (return) [ It was usual with Domitian to triumph, not only without a victory, but even after a defeat, M.]

70 (return) [ Euripides' Hecuba,]

71 (return) [ The punishment inflicted upon the violators of Vestal chastity was to be scourged to death. M.]

72 (return) [ Calpurnia, Pliny's wife.]

73 (return) [ Gratilla was the wife of Rusticus: Rusticus was put to death by Domitian, and Gratilla banished. It was sufficient crime in the reign of that execrable prince to be even a friend of those who were obnoxious to him. M.]

74 (return) [ In the original, scrinium, box for holding MSS.]

75 (return) [ The hippodromus, in its proper signification, was a place, among the Grecians, set apart for horse-racing and other exercises of that kind. But it seems here to be nothing more than a particular walk, to which Pliny perhaps gave that name, from its bearing some resemblance in its form to the public places so called. M.]

76 (return) [ Now called Frascati, Tivoli, and Palestrina, all of them situated in the Campagna di Roma, and at no great distance from Rome. M.]

77 (return) [ "This is said in allusion to the idea of Nemesis supposed to threaten excessive prosperity." (Church and Brodribb.)]

78 (return) [ About $15,000.]

79 (return) [ About $42,000.]

80 (return) [ None had the right of using family pictures or statues but those whose ancestors or themselves had borne some of the highest dignities. So that the jus imaginis was much the same thing among the Romans as the right of bearing a coat of arms among us. Ken. Antiq. M.]

81 (return) [ The Roman physicians used to send their patients in consumptive cases into Egypt, particularly to Alexandria. M.]

82 (return) [ Frejus, in Provence, the southern part of France. M.]

83 (return) [ A court of justice erected by Julius Cæsar in the forum, and opposite to the basilica Aemilia.]

84 (return) [ The deceniviri seem to have been magistrates for the administration of justice, subordinate to the praetors, who (to give the English reader a general notion of their office) may be termed lords chief justices, as the judges here mentioned were something in the nature of our juries. M.]

85 (return) [ About $400.]

86 (return) [ This silly piece of superstition seems to have been peculiar to Regulus, and not of any general practice; at least it is a custom of which we find no other mention in antiquity. M.]

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Letters of Pliny · Pliny the Younger (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus) · 97–112