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The Federalist Papers

Alexander Hamilton; John Jay; James Madison · 1787-10-1788-08 primary

passage 159 of 360 · (156/342)

in brief
Madison argues that security against foreign danger requires confiding key powers—declaring war, raising armies, and equipping fleets—to the federal councils, and he rejects limiting force because offense sets the terms of defense.

bounds to the exertions of all other nations, then indeed might it prudently chain the discretion of its own government, and set bounds to the exertions for its own safety.

How could a readiness for war in time of peace be safely prohibited, unless we could prohibit, in like manner, the preparations and establishments of every hostile nation? The means of security can only be regulated by the means and the danger of attack. They will, in fact, be ever determined by these rules, and by no others. It is in vain to oppose constitutional barriers to the impulse of self-preservation. It is worse than in vain; because it plants in the Constitution itself necessary usurpations of power, every precedent of which is a germ of unnecessary and multiplied repetitions. If one nation maintains constantly a disciplined army, ready for the service of ambition or revenge, it obliges the most pacific nations who may be within the reach of its enterprises to take corresponding precautions.

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topics: conquest, plunder, and captives · strategy and the aims of war

The Federalist Papers · Alexander Hamilton; John Jay; James Madison · 1787–1788